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Opinion

The Oracle: Nigeria Nation, The Past, Present and Future (Pt. 1)

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By Mike Ozekhome

THE PAST FROM LORD LUGARD TO BALEWA

Nigeria as a nation became one in a visible entity in the year 1914 when Lord Fredrick Lugard amalgamated the Southern and Northern protectorates and Lagos colony. Ever since then, what is now known today as Nigeria steadily evolved. Nigeria was colonized by the British. Nigerians fought relentlessly before she finally gained her independence on October 1, 1960. Nigeria as an independent nation later became Republican in 1963 with a non executive president. On January 15, 1966, there was a military coup de’ tat which overthrew the regime of Alhaji Sir Abubakar Tafawa Belewa. The coup was led by the revolutionary Major Kaduna Nzeogwu Chukwumah.

THE FIRST COUP DE TAT, IRONSI AND GOWON

The military coup ushered in major General J.T.U Aguiyi-Ironsi which promulgated the very unpopular unification Decree. On July 29, 1966, the regime of Aguiyi-ironsi was overthrown by elements of the Nigerian Military led by colonel General Yakubu Gowon who subsequently became the Head of State.

THE BLOODY CIVIL WAR

The Skirmishes associated with the coup and the question of who should be the Head of State coupled with deep-seated animosity and the program on the Ibos resident in the North eventually led to secession with the proclamation of the Republic of Biafra Colonel Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu. This latter escalated into a full blown war on July 6, 1967 and lasted till January 10, 1970. During the civil war, Nigerians loss in human and capital resources was monumental and unquantifiable. Human resources running into millions of people were lost. The Nigerian government spends millions of naira to mark every January 15 which is set aside as “Remembrance Day”. It is pathetic but permit me to say that the widows and the loved ones of the soldiers that died in the war are without food and many without shelter. Many soldiers who survived the war are today not being remembered. They spend weeks on queue trying to collect their meagre pension where some of them have died as a result of the untold hardship which these old men are subjected to.

FROM GOWON TO MURITALA MOHAMMED

Gowon’s Administration which was famed for profligacy and broken promises was toppled by the Murtala Mohammed junta on July 29, 1975. The Murtala Administration was hailed as the best Military Administration as the general was determined to restore Nigeria back to its past glory. Most regrettably however, enemies of progress, who never wanted Murtala’s laudible and lofty ideas to come into fruition led by colonel Buka Suka Dinka waylaid and assassinated him in a botched coup on his way from the Mosque to his office on February 13, 1976. Consequent upon his assassination, General Olusegun Obasanjo being the second in command to the late Murtala Mohammed took over the mantle of leadership.

FROM OBASANJO TO SHAGARI

Under Obasanjo’s leadership as Head of State, Nigeria witnessed series of policies such as “Operation Feed the Nation”, Universal Free Primary Education, etc. None of these policies, improved or ameliorated the economic situation of the Nigerian people. The regime after three years finally organized and conducted a presidential election for Nigeria. In the election, five political parties participated. They were the Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN), National Party of Nigeria (NPN), Nigerian People’s Party (NPP), Peoples Redemption Party (PRP) and the Great Nigeria People’s Party (GNPP). The election result showed that the candidate of Nigeria People’s Party, Alhaji Shehu Shagari won the election by winning twelve and half states out of nineteen states. The result of the election was seriously contested by the runner-up, Chief Obafemi Awolowo wherein the Supreme Court after listening to the opinion of the revered mathematician, Prof. Chike Obi declared Alhaji Shehu Shagari as the winner. Even though the Supreme Court had since declared that the judgment should not be followed as a precedent, opinions still linger that the judgment was nothing short of a political judgment.

THE BUHARI ERA

The Nigerian people had not reaped the dividends of democracy when the military once again struck on December 31, 1983 under the leadership of major General Mohammed Buhari. Immediately after Buhari took over, he sent some of the second Republic Politicians into the gulag. People like Chief Olabisi Onabanjo of Ogun State and Prof. Ambrose Alli of the Old Bendel State died as a result of their long incarceration in prison.

Under the Buhari Administration, discipline was forcibly infused into the Nigerian polity Consequent upon the mantra called War Against Indiscipline (WAI). But suffice to say that Nigerians economic hardship continued as discipline alone could not put food on the table of Nigerians.

GEN. IBRAHIM BABANGIDA

Buhari’s regime was finally toppled by his former school mate, Major General Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida (IBB) in August, 1985. He called himself “military president” instead of “Head of State”. Babangida promised to hand over to a dully democratically elected president on October 1, 1999. Babangida later reneged on his promise to hand over to a civilian government in 1990 Nigerians suffered unprecedented deceptive tendencies. His double speak was o unparalleled that Nigerians nicknamed him “Maradona”. Abiola and June 12 After several failed promises to hand over to a civilian government, he finally organized and conducted an election in June 12, 1993 wherein Chief M.K.O Abiola contested under the umbrella of Social Democratic Party (SDP) The National Republican Convention (NRC) fielded Alhaji Bashir Tofa as its presidential candidate in the June 12, 1993 election. The election was adjudged the freest and fair election ever conducted in Nigeria. Chief M.K.O Abiola indisputably won the election with a landside margin. But to the chagrin of Nigerians and the international community, Babangida annulled this freest and fairest election in Nigeria. The annulment triggered off reactions from within and outside Nigeria. There were protest and demonstrations across the length and breath of Nigeria, including the North which resulted in the laws of many lives and wanton destruction of property. Chief M.K.O Abiola, the acclaimed winner of the election fled abroad for security reasons.

FROM SHONEKAN TO ABACHA

The agitation for the validation of the June 12 election persisted. The pressure on the Babangida administration became so unbearable, that he “stepped” aside on August, 27, 1993 thereby handing over to Ernest Shonekan as the Head of an Interim National Government. Despite the declaration of a court of law (Coram: Dolapo Akinsanya) that the interim National Government was illegal, Shonekan remained on his seat until November 17, 1993, when he was shoved aside by the dark goggled General, Sanni Abacha in what can be termed a palace coup. The day Abacha took over was the day Nigeria entered the darkest days of military brutality. Abacha’s regime unleashed a reign of terror on Nigerians he suspected at any slightest opportunity to be antagonizing his regime. Consequent upon this unprecedented doctorial tendencies, various pressure groups sprang up. The most vibrant and confrontational were the National Democratic Coalition (NADECO) and the Joint Action Committee of Nigeria (JACON). Some of the Chieftains of NADECO like Prof. Wole Soyinka, Sen. Bola Armed Tinubu among others were sent on exile. Jacon paraded the likes of Chief Gani Fawehinmi, Chief Mike Ozekhome, Mr. Femi Falana, Dr. Tunji Abayomi, Dr. Fredrick Fashehun and so on.

Chief M.K.O Abiola’s Declaration

In June 1994, Chief M.K.O Abiola, the acclaimed winner of June 12 election declared himself the president. Consequent upon this Chief M.K.O Abiola was charged with treason, an act which engineered reaction from within and outside the country.

Some NADECO Chieftains who remained in Nigeria were terrorized and brutalized by Abacha’s “Killer Squad” Abacha planned to succeed himself in office despite contrary agitation by Nigerians. Abacha was desperate. He went ahead with the plan until June 8, 1998 when the cold arm of death snatched him away. Update, the details of Abiola and Abacha’s death are still sketchy.

GENERAL ADBUDULSALAMI ABUBARKAR

The sudden death of Abacha ushered in the regime of General Abdusalam Abubarkar, who many thought would hand over to M.K.O Abiola thereby bringing into effect the aspiration and wishes of Nigerians who had voted for M.K.O Enmass in the June 12 election. Abdulsalam did not do this. He rather allowed some unknown persons to kill M.K.O Abiola in Government custody under the watchful eye of Kofi Anna, the then secretary General of the United Nation Organization (U.N.O). Nigerians are still asking: why was M.K.O killed? Till now, nobody has come out openly to tell Nigerians how and why Abiola was murdered in Government custody. But one thing Nigerians know for sure is that, the blood of M.K.O Abiola and all those who lost their lives in the heat of the June 12 crisis shall continue to hunt the perpetrators. (To be continued).

THOUGHT FOR THE WEEK

“There is beauty and power in unity. We must be united in heart and mind. One world, one people”. (Lailah Gifty Akita).

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Opinion

Book Review: Against the Odds by Dozy Mmobuosi

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By Sola Ojewusi

Against the Odds is an ambitious, deeply personal, and unflinchingly honest memoir that traces the remarkable rise of Dozy Mmobuosi, one of Nigeria’s most dynamic and controversial entrepreneurs. In this sweeping narrative, Mmobuosi reveals not just the public milestones of his career, but the intimate struggles, internal battles, and defining moments that shaped his identity and worldview.

The book is both a personal testimony and a broader commentary on leadership, innovation, and Africa’s future—and it succeeds in balancing these worlds with surprising emotional clarity.

A Candid Portrait of Beginnings

Mmobuosi’s story begins in the bustling, unpredictable ecosystem of Lagos, where early challenges served as the furnace that forged his ambitions. The memoir details the circumstances of his upbringing, the value systems passed down from family, and the early encounters that sparked his desire to build solutions at scale.

These foundational chapters do important work: they humanize the protagonist. Readers meet a young Dozy not as a business figurehead, but as a Nigerian navigating complex social, financial, and personal realities—realities that millions of Africans will find familiar.

The Making of an Entrepreneur

As the narrative progresses, the memoir transitions into the defining phase of Mmobuosi’s business evolution. Here, he walks readers through the origins of his earliest ventures and the relentless curiosity that led him to operate across multiple industries—fintech, agri-tech, telecoms, AI, healthcare, consumer goods, and beyond.

What is striking is the pattern of calculated risk-taking. Mmobuosi positions himself as someone unafraid to venture into uncharted territory, even when the cost of failure is steep. His explanations offer readers valuable insights into:
• market intuition
• the psychology of entrepreneurship
• the sacrifices required to build at scale
• the emotional and operational toll of high-growth ventures

These passages make the book not only readable but instructive—especially for emerging

African entrepreneurs.

Triumphs, Crises, and Public Scrutiny
One of the book’s most compelling strengths is its willingness to confront controversy head-on.

Mmobuosi addresses periods of intense scrutiny, institutional pressure, and personal trials.

Instead of glossing over these chapters, he uses them to illustrate the complexities of building businesses in emerging markets and navigating public perception.

The tone is reflective rather than defensive, inviting readers to consider the thin line between innovation and misunderstanding in environments where the rules are still being written.

This vulnerability is where the memoir finds its emotional resonance.

A Vision for Africa

Beyond personal history, Against the Odds expands into a passionate manifesto for African transformation. Mmobuosi articulates a vision of a continent whose young population, natural resources, and intellectual capital position it not as a follower, but a potential leader in global innovation.

He challenges outdated narratives about Africa’s dependency, instead advocating for
homegrown technology, supply chain sovereignty, inclusive economic systems, and investment in human capital.

For development strategists, policymakers, and visionaries, these sections elevate the work from memoir to thought leadership.

The Writing: Accessible, Engaging, and Purposeful

Stylistically, the memoir is direct and approachable. Mmobuosi writes with clarity and intention, blending storytelling with reflection in a way that keeps the momentum steady. The pacing is effective: the book moves seamlessly from personal anecdotes to business lessons, from introspection to bold declarations.

Despite its business-heavy subject matter, the prose remains accessible to everyday readers.

The emotional honesty, in particular, will appeal to those who appreciate memoirs that feel lived rather than curated.

Why This Book Matters

Against the Odds arrives at a critical moment for Africa’s socioeconomic trajectory. As global attention shifts toward African innovation, the need for authentic narratives from those building within the system becomes essential.

Mmobuosi’s memoir offers:
• a case study in resilience
• an insider’s perspective on entrepreneurship in frontier markets
• a meditation on reputation, legacy, and leadership
• a rallying cry for African ambition

For readers like Sola Ojewusi, whose work intersects with media, policy, leadership, and social development, this book offers profound insight into the human stories driving Africa’s new generation of builders.

Final Verdict

Against the Odds is more than a success story—it is a layered, introspective, and timely work that captures the pressures and possibilities of modern African enterprise. It challenges stereotypes, raises important questions about leadership and impact, and ultimately delivers a narrative of persistence that audiences across the world will find relatable.

It is an essential read for anyone interested in the future of African innovation, the personal realities behind public leadership, and the enduring power of vision and resilience

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Opinion

Redefining Self-leadership: Henry Ukazu As a Model

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By Abdulakeem Sodeeq SULYMAN
In a world filled with talents and unique gifts, nurturing oneself for an impact-filled living becomes one of the potent metrics for assuming how one’s life would unfold – either in the nearest or far future. I am sure the question you may be curious to ask is ‘what is the important quality that has shaped the life of every individual who has unleashed their ingenuity?’ Apparently, our society is filled with numerous people, who missed the track of their life. Their iniquity is boiled down to one thing – failure to lead oneself.
Realising how important it is to be your own leader has been the springboard for every transformative life. Notably, this also becomes the premise for appreciating and celebrating Henry Ukazu for setting the pace and modeling self-leadership in this era, where self-leadership is under-appreciated by our people. Self-leadership itself engineers purposeful and impactful living, turning individuals to sources of hope to others.
This is exactly what Henry Ukazu symbolises. The name Henry Ukazu is akin to many great things such as ‘Unleashing One’s Destiny,’ ‘Finding One’s Purpose’ and ‘Triumphant Living.’ Regardless of the impression one have formed about Henry Ukazu, one thing you cannot deny is his ability to be pure to nature and committed to his cause. Henry Ukazu is one of the rare people who still believed in the values of the human worth and has committed every penny of his to ensure that every human deserves to live the best life.
The trajectory of Henry Ukazu’s life is convincing enough to be choosing as an icon by anyone who chooses to climb the ladder of self-leadership. Oftentimes, Henry Ukazu always narrate how he faced the storms of life when birthing his purpose. He takes honour in his struggles, knowing full well that every stumbling blocks life throws at him helped in building himself. If not for self-leadership, he will not found honours in his struggles, let alone challenging himself to be an example of purposeful living to others.
Without mincing words, Henry Ukazu’s life has been blessed with the presence of many people, with some filling his life with disappointments, while some blessing him with immeasurable transformations. Surprisingly, Henry Ukazu has never chosen to be treating people negatively; rather he would only choose the path of honour by avoiding drama and let common sense prevail. That’s one of the height of simplicity!
Dear readers, do you know why today is important for celebrating Henry Ukazu? Today, 3rd December, is his birthday and with all sincerity, Henry Ukazu deserves to be celebrated because he has chosen the noble path, one filled with honours and recognitions for being an icon of inspiration and transformation to the mankind. As Henry Ukazu marks another year today, may the good Lord continue shielding him from all evils and guiding him in right directions, where posterity will feel his role and impacts!
Many happy returns, Sir!

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Opinion

The Fault Lines of Power: A Global Leadership Crisis and the Path to Restoration

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By Tolulope A. Adegoke, PhD

“Across the world, we are navigating the fault lines of outdated leadership. The future belongs to those who can mend these cracks with the mortar of integrity, the vision of long-term purpose, and the resilience of empowered people” Tolulope A. Adegoke, PhD

Leadership serves as the foundational pillar for any thriving organization, corporation, or nation. It is the critical framework meant to ensure stability, inspire direction, and foster resilience against challenges. Yet, a pervasive and unsettling phenomenon is emerging worldwide: the development of deep fault lines within these very structures of authority. This crisis of confidence spans sectors and continents, from established Western democracies to burgeoning economies in the Global South.

This examination explores these global leadership fissures, with a specific focus on Nigeria’s complex landscape. We will diagnose the universal symptoms, analyze their acute manifestation in the Nigerian context, and ultimately, propose a constructive framework for renewal aimed at individuals, businesses, and governments.

Diagnosing the Global Leadership Decay

The erosion of effective leadership rarely happens overnight. It typically begins with subtle, often ignored fractures that gradually weaken the entire system. These fractures commonly appear as:

  1. The Credibility Chasm: A growing disconnect between a leader’s promises and their tangible actions. When rhetoric of transparency clashes with a reality of opacity, the essential bond of trust is severed.
  2. The Tyranny of the Immediate: An overwhelming focus on short-term gains—be it quarterly earnings or political popularity—that sacrifices long-term strategy and sustainable health. This is the equivalent of building on unstable ground.
  3. Strategic Inertia: In a world defined by rapid change, leaders who cling to outdated, rigid hierarchies render their organizations incapable of adapting, innovating, or surviving future shocks.
  4. The Empathy Void: Leadership that is intellectually or emotionally detached from the realities of its people, employees, or citizens. This breeds disengagement, stifles collaboration, and fuels a silent exodus of talent and goodwill.
  5. The Succession Failure: A critical neglect of leadership pipeline development, which creates a dangerous vacuum of vision and competence during transitions, jeopardizing institutional memory and future stability.

The Nigerian Context: A Magnified View of the Crisis

Nigeria, a nation brimming with phenomenal human and natural potential, offers a powerful case study where these global fault lines are particularly pronounced and consequential.

Within the Political Arena:

Leadership is frequently marred by a system that rewards patronage over performance. Rampant corruption diverts essential resources from critical public services, leading to a catastrophic decay in infrastructure, healthcare, and education. This, combined with policy instability across political administrations, creates an environment of uncertainty that discourages vital long-term investment.

Within the Corporate Sphere:

Many organizations, including prominent family-owned conglomerates, are hindered by overly centralized decision-making and weak corporate governance structures. When nepotism overshadows meritocracy, innovation is suppressed, and employee motivation withers. A survivalist mindset, driven by a challenging economic climate, often trumps strategic investment in talent and innovation.

Within Public Institutions:

A pervasive culture of bureaucracy and inefficiency often widens the gap between the government and the governed. This leads to profound citizen frustration and a demoralized public workforce, undermining the very purpose of these institutions.

The cumulative effect of these intersecting failures is a palpable national anxiety—a widespread belief that the nation is operating far below its potential, not due to a lack of resources or talent, but because of a fundamental breakdown in its leadership frameworks.

A Framework for Renewal: Building Resilient Leadership

Identifying the problem is only the first step. The imperative is to forge a path forward. The following advisory framework outlines how to bridge these fault lines and unlock latent possibilities.

For Individuals (The Agents of Change):

  1. Transition from Spectator to Stakeholder: Exercise accountability through informed civic participation and constructive advocacy. Use platforms, including digital media, to demand transparency and results from leaders.
  2. Embody Ethical Leadership Daily: Demonstrate integrity, accountability, and empathy within your immediate circle—your workplace, community, and family. Leadership is an action, not merely a position.
  3. Commit to Lifelong Learning: Proactively acquire new skills, cultivate a global perspective, and strengthen your emotional intelligence to navigate an increasingly complex world.
  4. Engage in Reciprocal Mentorship: Actively seek guidance while also dedicating time to mentor others. Cultivating the next generation is a collective responsibility that ensures a continuous flow of capable leaders.

For Corporations (The Economic Catalysts):

  1. Ingrain, Don’t Just Install, Governance: Move beyond superficial compliance. Foster a culture where independent boards, radical transparency, and ethical practices are non-negotiable core values.
  2. Systematize Leadership Development: Establish robust talent management and succession planning programs. Intentionally identify and nurture future leaders through targeted training, mentorship, and strategic role assignments.
  3. Champion a Stakeholder-Centric Purpose: Define a corporate mission that creates genuine value for all stakeholders—employees, customers, communities, and the environment. This builds lasting brand equity and attracts purpose-driven talent.
  4. Cultivate Psychologically Safe Spaces: Foster an organizational climate where employees feel empowered to voice ideas, question assumptions, and experiment without fear of reprisal. This is the bedrock of a truly innovative and adaptive organization.

For Nations (The Architects of Society):

  1. Fortify Institutions Over Individuals: Invest in building strong, independent institutions—such as the judiciary, electoral commissions, and anti-corruption bodies—that can function autonomously and uphold the rule of law.
  2. Prioritize Human Capital as the Supreme Asset: Direct national investment toward foundational pillars like quality public education and healthcare. An educated, healthy, and skilled populace is the most critical driver of sustainable national development.
  3. Articulate and Adhere to a Long-Term National Vision: Develop a strategic, non-partisan national development plan that provides a consistent direction for policy, transcending political cycles and uniting citizens around a common goal.
  4. Establish a Consequence-Based Culture: Implement a system where integrity is visibly rewarded and corruption is met with swift, transparent, and impartial justice, regardless of the offender’s status.

Conclusion: Laying a New Foundation

The fault lines in global leadership present a significant challenge, but they also offer a clarion call for renewal. The solution lies in a deliberate return to the core tenets of visionary, accountable, and empathetic leadership.

For Nigeria, and for the world at large, delivering on our shared potential requires a concerted effort to repair these foundations. We must collectively shift from a culture of short-sightedness to one of intergenerational stewardship, and from fractured allegiances to a unified commitment to the common good.

The blueprint for change is clear. By choosing to reinforce our leadership at every level, we can transform these fault lines into cornerstones for a more prosperous, stable, and equitable future. The responsibility to build rests with all of us.

Dr. Tolulope A. Adegoke, AMBP-UN is a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in History and International Studies, Fellow Certified Management Consultant & Specialist, Fellow Certified Human Resource Management Professional, a Recipient of the Nigerian Role Models Award (2024), and a Distinguished Ambassador For World Peace (AMBP-UN). He has also gained inclusion in the prestigious compendium, “Nigeria @65: Leaders of Distinction”.

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