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Opinion: Empowerment for Peak Performance (Pt.2)

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By Tolulope A. Adegoke

“Sacrifice is the scar(s) we endure while we go through life with our crosses in the hope of earning our crowns.” — There is no such thing as a star without a scar! Every star has the scar of sacrifice on its limb. There is nothing else like it! It is just the ticket to unlocking the door to new possibilities. Contrary to popular belief, sacrifice requires your complete and total attention, as it is an intentional or deliberate act of provoking desired timely results without negotiating or dining with slothfulness and excuses. Don’t be fooled, sacrifice necessitates your complete and total dedication, as it is an intentional or deliberate act of provoking desired timely results without negotiating or dining with slothfulness and excuses.” – Tolulope A. Adegoke

Sacrifice means going the extra mile, paying the extra price, and taking the extra steps to deliver your mandates! Your extraordinary inputs determine your extraordinary impacts! You need to go the extra mile in your ‘disciplined’ life. You must pay the extra price for your ‘diligence’, then the star in you emerges! Do not envy success, envy sacrifice! Many around the world are embodiments of extra-ordinary potential and gifts, but have found themselves in fields that are different from their real (divine) calling (s). For example, some are gifted footballers by having found themselves in the engineering sector… Not until they subject themselves to the diligent sacrifices of football training and timing (age-wise), such people will not manifest or fulfil their original destiny. They would only be engineering stars by chance or by force. It takes sacrifice for the star in us to manifest!

You can not eat your cake and have it! You can not make an omelette without breaking eggs! Not even faith is a substitute for sacrifice. Vision is not a substitute for sacrifice! Sacrifice is a covenant requirement for every kingdom star! The Apostle Paul in the Book of Philippians1:21 (KJV) said: “For me to die is gain, for me to live is Christ.” I would rather die than allow anyone to make my glory in Christ vain. is a typical description of the term Sacrifice. Being crucified with Jesus Christ is a Sacrifice!

Every star has a story of sacrifice to tell!

“If you do not improve where we live, then you are a failure!” -Bishop David O. Oyedepo

The above means that you must wake up from your slumber and invest your time in creating the future that you desire! Until you do what others do not do, you will still remain in the same spot as others! You must therefore wake up and tell yourself the bitter truth and design for yourself a new programme and do not end the year without a schedule for next year and a lifetime goal… This would show that you are really a serious entity on a mission to save your world from its aches!

Even Jesus Christ, the most anointed, said in Luke12:49-50 (KJV): “I have come to set fire to the Earth… I have a baptism to be baptized with and now I am stretched until it is accomplished. ” Anyone that desires to have a “global impact” must pay a “global price”!

You can not have it until you pay its ultimate worth! You can not have your crown, not until you are done with the cross!

“Every seed of Abraham is a seed with global impact (Genesis22:17-18)” “And if ye are Christ’s, ye are Abraham’s seed and according to the promise (Galatians3:29).”

You are here on Earth for global impact; you are not here for survival! Global Impacts is about being a positive influence all across the world on humanity in your area of calling (s), chosen career (s) or field (s).

I strongly believe that you would manifest greater grace and positive impacts all across the world, all to the glory of God Almighty, if you were willing to pay greater prices than many great men have paid in the past in order to be the “moves” and “waves” of the “movements and trends” and affluence in their generation (s). Until you pay the greater price (s), you can not generate greater value (s). For whatsoever a man sows, he shall reap! What is only waiting for you in the future is simply your investment in today! We need to be prepared to at least start aspiring to do a few things we can do, then the grace will flow in on us to do more/greater! It is then that we would be able to soar higher than the Eagles because the skies would have simply been transformed into our starting point!

Ultimately, you must discover your area of calling or field, so as to be sure that you are not investing in the wrong direction. Your vision must be clearly defined so as to fully understand your mission and then empower yourself for possibilities in that field. According to 2 Timothy 2:15 (KJV): “Study to show thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.” Acquire relevant skills, apply spiritual knowledge and understand the needs of your environment in relation to your “Empowered Zero.”

Your ‘field’ is the ‘green pastures’ where your flocks feed through your properly “Empowered Zero”, which is harnessed or directed towards meeting the timely demands and needs of people, corporations, and nations.

Harnessing your ‘Empowered Zero’ is a full-scale methodological application in a bid to impart your world with the treasures that lie in your earthen vessel!

To empower in this context means to positively influence, affect or fuel something or someone or a place to become useful or better towards emerging/fulfilling or serving the real and full purpose for which it was originally created. You must come to understand that no one is indispensable, nothing lasts forever, change is constant and there is always room for improvement to be able to transit from Zero to Hero. Zero to Hero in this context is not limited or restricted to individuals or people alone, but it touches the corporate world and nations as well, thereby enlightening us that we can always be better, come what may!

Perkins and Zimmerman, 1995; Rappaport, 1981; Zimmerman and Warschausky 1998 mentioned that: “Empowerment is both a value orientation for working in the community (practical) and a theoretical model for understanding the process and consequences of efforts to exert control and influence over the decisions that affect one’s life, organizational functioning, and the quality of community life.”

The value of orientation of empowerment suggests goals, aims and strategies for implementing change. Empowerment provides principles and a framework for organizing our knowledge and lifestyle.

Empowerment is the capacity of individuals, groups, and/or communities to take control of their circumstances, exercise their might so as to achieve their own goals, and the process by which, individually and collectively, they are able to help themselves and others to maximize the quality of their lives. Also, it could be described as an intentional, ongoing process which is centred in the local community and involves mutual respect, critical reflection, caring and group participation, through which people lacking an equal share of resources gain greater access to and control over those resources.

Empowerment as a “process”

Empowerment is the process of obtaining basic opportunities for marginalized (underrated) people, either directly by those people, through the help of non-marginalized others who share their own access to those opportunities, or by divine order and impartation. It also includes actively thwarting attempts to deny those opportunities. Empowerment also includes encouraging and developing the skills for self-sufficiency with a focus on eliminating the future need for charity or welfare in the individuals of the group. This process can be difficult to start and to implement effectively, but it takes adequate readiness (preparation) and the ability to humbly follow directives and instructional guidance. Above all, it takes the ability to sacrifice your time, pride, planting your seed (s), exploring your potential, turning or furnishing your talents into skills and starting earning from them. These are simply cultivation processes of turning (empowering) your zero into being your HERO!

The word EMPOWERMENT is the combination of three cogent words, as stated here: EMPloy POWER for INCREAMENT-which simply means employing POWER for INCREAMENTS (that is, to be MORE). To employ means to engage or make use of something, while POWER equals ABILITY (to do). An increment is the degree to which something is made larger or greater. It could also be said to be the action or process of INCREASING, especially in quantity or value. It is something gained or added. We can, therefore, say that EMPOWERMENT is the engagement of the ability (that is, what it takes) or techniques to increase in value or quantity.

EMPOWERMENT is the intentional act of yielding to a course, for a cause, to be better or transformed from zero to HERO, from nobody to somebody, from nothing to something, from insignificance to significance, from raw to refined, from talents into skills, from mere skills into value, and from values to REWARDS!

Empowerment is the awakening of the giant that lies within us as individuals for the delivery of possibilities. It is an infinite exercise of working tenaciously to become better at something or to become a master, by intentionally subjecting oneself to learning at the feet of Masters the ‘HOW’ to becoming the ‘WHAT’ or the ‘THAT’ or ‘WHO’? To become ‘WHO’, then you must understand ‘HOW’.

We must understand that learning has its own ‘curves’ and ‘costs’. The Costs of EMPOWERMENT are:

  • Discipline
  • Working-Inputs
  • Sacrifice
  • Execution
  • Gratitude

 

Discipline: This is the first rule of empowerment (learning). We find so many human errors in our society today due to a lack of DISCIPLINE. Discipline means depriving oneself of his or her comfort zones by passing through what is required for the next phase in life in order to become better and greater at something or become a leading example in a specific area of life. There is no great man in life who is truly great who has not adopted discipline as a lifestyle. Discipline means subjecting oneself to authentic obedience at the feet of an instructor or mentor or instructions or rules.

Here, you are under instructions or tutelage set by conscience or by (man)-whatever that is learned must be adopted as a lifestyle to be more or become greater. There are values and virtues that are built either consciously or unconsciously, physically or spiritually during these processes. Among others, the following are the pillars of discipline:

  • Time Consciousness/Management
  • Appreciating the Costs of Values
  • Understanding the Price-tag on Values
  • Humility
  • The Power of Quietness or Silence (To listen swiftly and talk (less) smarter
  • Sleep (less)
  • Reading and Studying
  • Meditation
  • Financial Management (Saving More)
  • Embracing the Company Mentality (Shunning the ‘Crowd’ Mentality): Crowd means everybody, while the word company means just a selected few who align with your purpose, and at the same time maximizes your effects.

Working-Input (Within): This simply means working within the boundaries of knowledge and wisdom for depth of understanding. Another word for it is input. In the process of learning or empowerment, there is usually a curve, where you ultimately surrender what you think-you-knew for things you need to know to be soaked into your being. You accumulate knowledge, you become soaked in it. It is a process of chasing after knowledge and being soaked in it. It is a process of chasing after knowledge for excellence, so as to be chased by success at every point of execution or delivery (that is, working-out what you have learned or acquired. This is also a point of yearning after ‘Clarity’, which is one of the DNAs of MASTERY or ‘Understanding’. This is the process of studying and meditating on it for deeper REVELATIONS, because it is Revelation that gives understanding. If you do not want your life to end in RED (danger), you must READ and STUDY! Revelations come first, before ELEVATION! Knowledge is LIGHT, and LIGHT is LIFE!

There are many people with stature, volume and age who lack LIGHT (understanding)… It is light that separates a dullard from a genius! It is light that separates a pupil from the master. The light you carry matters in life-it is what determines your level in reality, it determines your level of command in core aspects of life. Being that you have gained mastery, you have become a MASTER!

Light is CLARITY, it is MASTERY (and this is the state of the authentic). This is the time to avoid any pattern of distractions so as to enjoy and engage the light that you are about to access from this article for Peak Performance to deliver possibilities for people, corporates and nations at large.

Relentless Commitment to Daily Growth is the key to global relevance. I refer to it as the White-Belt Mentality-this is when you write in a journal daily, meditate, focus, reflect, ponder, and handcraft your days intentionally for positive outcomes. If knowledge is power, then learning is your Super-Power! Knowledge isn’t just power, it is profit! Empowerment improves you enough to be irresistibly NEEDED. That is, when you are loaded with relevant information that solves problems, you will be a force to reckon with. Even if they do not like you as a person, the solutions you carry will make you attractive enough to be their only CHANCE of survival!

The fact is, anybody can be empowered; in fact, everybody needs EMPOWERMENT-the more we learn, the more fit we are to lead others and EARN. Any zero can become a HERO, and any HERO can become a greater HERO! That is why great companies are not relenting in being better to be greater-they all want to be MORE-they are not satisfied with little, they are expanding so that the people under them can become more and better as well (that’s why their brands are simplified, accessible, and affordable).

The day you become satisfied with little is the day you start to become little! Never settle for convenience over destiny! A lot of destinies are hanging on your shoulders for survival; if you refuse to dare more, it means that you are only living for yourself alone-there are destinies attached to your values, virtues, and presence on Earth! To be consistently better, you need to seek knowledge every time, regardless of your age or level of attainment in life. That is why you have a group of people you keep who are wired to charge or spur you on to be better and to maximize your effectiveness. We also need to maximize our connection to the internet. A wise owner of a laptop puts his or her system on Auto-Update. Why? To get updated and upgraded with the latest versions of software online for maximum output and efficient delivery of services. As human beings, we get upgraded, updated by knowledge through Wisdom for Understanding and maximum delivery so as not to be stuck in yesterday! The knowledge or anointing of yesterday is not enough for today! Today is today! What you have acquired today with sweat may become obsolete tomorrow if you fail or refuse to upgrade to the latest version of thoughts, reasoning, and know-how.

 

Sacrifice: This is definitely not a strange word to the majority across the world, especially the great minds who are great mines. Sacrifice simply means‘ surrendering what you have in order to secure or receive what you NEED! It means surrendering WHAT you are so as to become WHO you desire to become! It also means surrendering WHAT you are in order to become WHO you desire to be! It simply means surrendering where you are so as to arrive at WHERE you desire or need to be. Therefore, sacrifice means letting go of your WANTS in order to have your NEEDS met! Children (little minds) give offerings, while Kings (great minds) offer SACRIFICES! We give up ‘WHAT’ we WANT when we NEED POWER! Power is a necessity in this journey of life in order to fulfill destiny or divine purpose. For every sacrifice, there is a scar (this scar connotes the cost of the sacrifice). The scar is what decorates your being. It tells your stories in your glory. I would say that, ‘Do not envy success… kindly envy SACRIFICE! The volume of sacrifice determines where you will surface (that is, appear), either at the peak or beneath. Sacrifice is the covenant requirement for every next level of greatness. It cracks the code for each level of greatness and unravels mysteries. It shakes the Heavens and causes Divinity to intervene in Humanity!

 

Execution: This simply means’ To Work-it-Out! It is the process of giving birth to the knowledge acquired through the volume of light (understanding) that we carry or have received. This is the output of what has been put-into you over time (that is, engaging the knowledge which you have been soaked with). This is where knowledge turns into formulas through Understanding (Light) by Wisdom. This is where you make it happen on the field called REALITY… We gather ability through knowledge, and we transform it into REALITY based on the level of understanding which we have or carry, then profit from it through Wisdom! When life tells you NO! Ask yourself, what am I capable of? Winners do not quit or make excuses. Winners only EXECUTE continuously till they get it right! The likes of Nikola Tesla, Thomas Edison, Abraham Lincoln, Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, among others, had their share of trying moments, their moments of pain which they burned as fuel to acquire the gains we all celebrate today. These ones didn’t give up on the light they carried or carried, rather, they illuminated or kept illuminating the world through continuous practice. Though they may have failed or failed severally, there is always a Bounce-Back-Power for every true winner, which is fostered by strong-will or DETERMINATION.

The majority across the world are not usually interested in the ‘HOW’ (process), but in the ‘WHAT’ (results or happenings). For example, WHAT happened? WHAT did he/she do? What did he say? WHAT did he give? WHAT did or does he/she have to offer? Because the majority are only interested in what has been or is achieved, they are not interested in knowing the HOW (PROCESSES/COST) of what it took or took to be WHAT or WHO. Only a few with great depth would ask ‘HOW’ he/she made it, or HOW he won the election… The steps he took, the people he aligned with, the sacrifices he offered, the disciplines he adopted as a lifestyle, the ‘helps’ rendered that attracted divine assistance or intervention, the favours he requested, the sleepless nights, the hours of meditation, his Think-tanks (technocrats).

Small people want summaries, and only want to live on survival. They do not have time to ‘go and grow through the processes of becoming… They only want their cakes NOW, just like ESAU in the Holy Bible, who sold his birthright because he was hungry and in a haste to satisfy his belly without bothering to have an understanding of what it would cost him to lose the treasure that lies within his being!

The point of execution is always an opportunity to showcase what you have been cooking through the tool of knowledge. It is an opportunity to show off and show up! It is an opportunity to tell the world that I AM HERE-though I have been here, but it has been behind the scenes. Cooking is the right application of HEAT! It is therefore time to serve your MEAL (Products or Solutions) to the world!

Execution is the process of giving birth to what was conceived in the process of learning. Just like a pregnant woman who has been pregnant, it is natural to expect her to deliver after nine months of carrying the fetus (baby) in her womb. The same thing goes for you and me; it is time for us to deliver the future because it lies within us. Ideas are conceived within us, packaged as information, encrypted in the knowledge that man absorbs to deliver his generation at every point of need during execution. Being pregnant is not enough, delivery is a must! The same goes for learning; being soaked in knowledge is not enough, but execution (putting it into good use) is what is expected of all true learners. The Holy Book reveals, “For the earnest expectation of the creature waiteth for the manifestation of the sons of God.” (Romans 8:19). This means that everything, everyone is waiting for you to show up and deliver the FUTURE (Treasures or Solutions) that lies within you as a deliverer, which has been deposited in you for your generation (s). If you do not show up (Manifest), your generation may be bound or be in bondage for years. Just like Moses (a Jew) who grew up in Pharaoh’s Palace (in Egypt). He assimilated the doctrines, he was soaked in the Egyptian traditions (knowledge) for years. After so many years, before Moses showed up for the Israelites, they were all in captivity of the Egyptians. So, if you do not show up (that is, birth the knowledge, wisdom, understanding of the skills, values, virtues that you have been soaked in and nursing over the years), you might be holding your generation (s) to ransom! You may not get it right at first, but be free to try again, again and again; there will be a day when you will get it right and gain from the rewards that come with it (through the pains which you have burned as fuel through determination and strong-will). Get up, go to work and work it out! Destinies are waiting for you; your generation is waiting for you to show up! Take responsibility as David did against Goliath! The anointing upon your life isn’t just a blessing, but a responsibility on your shoulders to birth solutions that will deliver your generation, even the ones yet unborn. Therefore, instead of being a container of blessings, I charge you now to be a channel, so that these solutions can flow through you to others. Execute and Excel!

 

Gratitude: This is a state of authentic, it is a state of bliss, it is a natural force or lifestyle that preserves and perfects our outputs (efforts) and blessings. Gratitude means Gr (eat) ATTITUDE, which means-an attitude that is exclusive to only GREAT Minds who have the depth to look back at what they were and the Mighty hands that picked them up to arrive at where they are at the moment. Small minds make small people- Small people are not usually grateful, they complain about everything, they don’t have clear minds and are not free in spirit. Gratitude is an attitude that, when adopted as a lifestyle, takes us to great altitudes in life. The first step of GRATITUDE is-ACKNOWLEDGING The Maker, God Almighty in all things. Secondly, CELEBRATING your teachers or mentors who have invested time and energy in imparting you with the light (understanding) that they carry. Thirdly, Celebrate and Appreciate your Supporters (they believed in you when others couldn’t, even when you thought you couldn’t. These ones inspired you to, then you did it! Lastly, celebrate yourself for dedicating yourself to the achievement of success. Take a break, travel, rest well, eat well, have fun, then go back to studying for the next phase or level of success. Re-engage the formulas for success, that is, the cost of empowerment, again and again, to be more and greater and better!

 

Re-examining your life

It is very important that you know and must have an understanding of where and why you need improvement, then go after relevant knowledge that treats or solves your weak areas… An unexamined life is not worth living! A dis-empowered life will remain an imprisoned life-it is not worth living. Maximize every condition you go through to be better and for the well-being of mankind. Be responsible, even in tough-times… Never lose your head in tough times, never lose your heart at all times. Empowerment builds your vision.

VISION is powered by the following sights:

  • Eye-sights
  • Insights
  • Hind-sights
  • Fore-sight
  • Mind-sights

VISION enlightens and opens you up to illuminate mankind, thereby translating them into the true light from the darkness. You are an embodiment of treasures/solutions; I charge you to UNLEASH! I charge you for Man-ifest! Any determined zero can become a hero! This book would further explain the ‘HOW’ to you with relevant examples towards becoming POSSIBLE where you have been described as IMPOSSIBLE! You must therefore read, study and follow the teachings in it to the end. You will become an ABILITY in motion in the delivery of possibilities for people, corporates and nations! It is your vision that determines the extent or size of your mission. Friends, we are on a mission. I encourage you to power your vision with light. 119: 130 reveals: “The entrance of the words giveth light; it giveth understanding unto the simple.”

With the above, you are on a journey to global relevance that will culminate in you emerging as the greater HERO you desire to become in your generation! Simply drop your pride and enjoy the ride to your heroic destiny! The world needs a hero they can believe in. You do not need to be a demi-god to be a hero, you just need to believe that you are one. It’s all within you! You are an embodiment of treasure. Please do not call it trash! Dreams come true only when you work it out! You can be far better than the exemplars used thus far. Yes! You can be greater!

Don’t be fooled, sacrifice involves your full attention and absolute dedication, as it is an intentional or deliberate act of provoking desired timely results without negotiating or dining with slothfulness and excuses.

It is not easy to be easy: the principles of sacrifice can not be displaced, replaced, nor broken if greatness must be achieved on this earthly plane. It is the law of seedtime and harvest.

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Opinion

The Oracle: Nigeria in Search of Enduring Political Structure: Imperative of Structural Reform (Pt. 8)

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By Mike Ozekhome

INTRODUCTION

In the past 7 weeks we have been on this treatise. Last week, we discussed our past experiments with constitutional democracy, contrasting our colomiatera Constitutions with those of the period since independence. We then suggested two options for the way forward: a sovereign national conference and a brand-new Constitution and concluded it with a comparative review of some foreign countries, such as Iraq, Kenya and South Africa.

In today’s episode, we shall continue the dissection of the foreign dimension by considering the experiences of Iraq, Bangladesh, Morocco, Egypt, Eritrea and Tunisia, before rounding off with the American example of people’s Constitution. Please enjoy the last part of our treatise.

A NEW CONSTITUTION: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES (continues)

IRAN

THE DECEMBER 1979 IRANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM
A proposed new Constitution which would make Iran an Islamic Republic, introduce direct elections for the presidency, create a unicameral parliament and require any constitutional changes to go a referendum was proposed by the Iranian Government. To bring this about, a constitutional referendum was held in Iran on 2ndand 3rd December, 1979. The new Islamic constitution was approved by 99.5% of voters at the Referendum.

BANGLADESH

THE 1991 BANGLADESHI CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM
A constitutional referendum was held in Bangladesh on 15th September, 1991. Voters were asked “Should or not the President assent to the Constitution (Twelfth Amendment) Bill, 1991 of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh?” The amendments altered the existing Constitution and reintroduced of Parliamentary system of government. It also abolished the position of Vice-President and provided that the President be elected by Parliament. 83.6% of Bangladeshis voted in the referendum, with a turnout of 35.2%.

MOROCCO

THE 2011 MOROCCAN CONSTITUTIONAL REFERENDUM
A referendum on constitutional reforms was held in Morocco on 1st July, 2011. It was called in response to a series of protests that spread across Morocco which had begun on 20th February, 2011, when over ten thousand Moroccans took to the streets in massive demonstrations demanding democratic reforms. A Commission was set up to draft proposals by June, 2011. A draft was released on 17th June, 2011, which brought about fundamental changes upon people’s referendum.

EGYPT

EGYPT’S NEW CONSTITUTION AND REFERENDUM

In October, 2012, the Egyptian Constituent Assembly announced that its first draft of a new Constitution and launched a public awareness campaign called “Know your Constitution”, to educate the public. On November 29, 2012, the Egyptian Constituent Assembly of finalized the drafting process of a new Egyptian Constitution. One week later, on December 8, 2012, Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi issued a new constitutional declaration announcing that the constitutional draft would be voted on in a national referendum.

In accordance with article 60 of the Transitional Constitutional Declaration of March 2011, a special Judicial Commission was formed to supervise the referendum process and monitor vote counting. The referendum took place in two rounds on two different dates: December 15 and 22, 2012. The majority of Egyptians thus voted in favour of the newly drafted Constitution in a popular National Referendum, a Constitution that brought about profound reforms.

ERITREA

CONSTITUTION MAKING IN ERITREA
The Eritrea’s Proclamation 55/1994 established a Constitutional Commission which organized popular participation in the process of a new Constitution.
The Commission members and more than four hundred specially trained teachers instructed the public on constitutional issues and related political and social questions using local vernaculars. The process took three years to solicit the views of a broad cross section of Eritreans. The participation of a majority of Eritreans gave the people a “sense of ownership of the Constitution.”

TUNISIA

CONSTITUTION OF TUNISIA
Tunisia’s first modern Constitution was the fundamental pact of 1857. This was followed by the Constitution of 1861, which was replaced in 1956, after the departure of French administrators in 1956. It was adopted on 1st June, 1959 and amended in 1999 and 2002, after the Tunisian Constitutional Referendum of 2002. Following the revolution and months of protests, a Constituent Assembly drafted a new Constitution in 2014, adopted on 26th January, 2014 after a referendum.

THE AMERICAN EXAMPLE OF A PEOPLE’S CONSTITUTION
As a great contrast to the 1999 Nigerian experience, when America became independent from Britain in 1776, it held a Constitutional Convention under the leadership of George Washington, between May 14 and September 17, 1776, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 55 delegates represented the autonomous Confederates, with a view to creating a “more perfect union”. Broad outlines of a new union were proposed and hotly debated. This was how the American people achieved a federal system of Government, separation of powers among three branches of Government (Legislative, Executive and Judicial); bicameral, legislature; an Executive presidency; and Judicial Review. The Constitutional draft was signed by 39 of the 55 delegates on September 17, 1787; and thereafter released to the States and the American people to debate and ratify. It was this people’s Constitution that threw up great founders, such as George Washington (first president); Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay (the Federalists), Thomas Jefferson, etc.

The 1999 Constitutions lacks these. It is not autochthonous or indigenous Being imposed, it worsened the unitary nature of government, and concentrated enormous powers at the centre. While the 1979 Constitution had 67 items on the exclusive legislative list, and 12 items on the concurrent list, the 1999 Constitution increase this to 68 on the exclusive list, but retained only 12 items on the concurrent list. This indicates an unacceptable unbearably strong centre and very weak federating units.

OUR CONCLUSION
The unity, development and peaceful co-existence of Nigeria as a country are currently imperial. Our diversities in area of culture language, tribe, and religion, must be seen by all as a Dolly Parton’s Coat of Many Colours, blessing and not a curse, because variety they say, is the spice of life. Concerted effort must be put in place by formulation of policies and reforms that would help promote national integration and peaceful co-existence. However, one of the strategies that must be pursued to ensure a far-reaching national integration and peaceful co-existence are to create a meeting point that would ensure and enhance integration between one ethnic nationality or tribe and another. One of the ways by which this noble idea can be
achieved is by putting up a strong advocacy and support for intertribal and interreligious marriage.

Philosophers, many say, have understood the world, but the problem is to change it. Albert Einsten’s dictum is apposite here: “we cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them” Hippocrates the father of medicine once told us that desperate diseases requires desperate remedies. An economy based on oil and other depleting natural resources is fast becoming obsolete. The global economy is already in the 4th Industrial Revolution or digital age, dominated by Robotics, Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, Virtual reality, Augmented Reality and others. At the moment, Nigeria is largely bypassed and still grappling with the most basic aspects of the old economy. But given its geographic- demographic conundrum, Nigeria has to leapfrog the industrialization value chain or stagnate. Yet its institutions are those woven around the distribution and consumption of oil rents and the old economy. A system designed for consumption cannot be expected to become efficient for competition and production in the 21st century. Sadly, many people miss this point. As Professor Claude Ake once put it, Nigeria operates a disarticulate economy, where we produce what we don’t consume and consume what we don’t produce.

For a change since the military incursion into our body politics, let us sit down and craft a new Constitution that not only provides for a stable, equitable and just polity but even more so focuses on the incentive structure to usher a competitive and productive economy of the future.
Reforms at the meta-level would entail either embracing our discarded Prime Minister system of government or dismantling and re-coupling several of the institutions that help or hinder us, including a serious re-examination of the 36 state structure as federating units vis-à-vis their fiscal/economic viability or their consolidation into six or more regions with economies of scale and higher investment rates; multiple vice-presidency representing respective regions other than the region of the president, each with supervising powers over certain ministries to ensure equitable representation at the federal cabinet (the Central Bank has four Deputy Governors for instance); principle of equality of regions; multivariate judicial systems with state/regional appellate courts up to regional supreme courts while the federal supreme court becomes the constitutional court— and this is to decongest the centralized system and guarantee speedy dispensation of justice; introduction of commercial courts for speedy resolution of commercial disputes; institution of merit and equal opportunity principle; etc. This will carry the majority along.

Devolution of functions between the central and federating states/regions should be guided by the principle of subsidiary. According to the European Charter, subsidiary means that: “Public responsibilities shall generally be exercised, in preference, by those authorities which are closest to the citizen. Allocation of the responsibility to another authority should weigh up the extent and nature of the task and requirements of efficiency and economy.”

This principle is not observed in the 1999 Constitution. For a Constitution that proclaims a federal structure, the exclusive and concurrent lists constitute an atypical concentration of powers at the centre. Currently, the federal government is burdened with hundreds of parastatals and agencies trying to inefficiently micro manage the entire Nigeria, with the recurrent expenditure of the federal government exceeding total federal revenue. Every penny of capital spending by the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) is borrowed, and its fiscal position is precarious. Put starkly, not one kobo of oil money is invested in infrastructure by the FGN: it is all consumed by the obtuse federal bureaucracy. The federal government should loosen its hold on policing, electricity (power), railways, ports, aviation, business incorporation, taxation powers, regulatory functions, etc. This will generate the economy.

The greatest challenge is how to get some of the elite whose privileges are provided by the existing system to support its dismantling into a system that is potentially beneficial to ‘society’ but perhaps disproportionately harmful to their interests in the short term. In other words, we are faced with the same kind of conundrum as some western countries with their welfare system. Having designed and implemented it for generations, it has grown into an unsustainable octopus of inefficiency but reforming it is not easy. In the US, millions of voters are hooked to the feeding bottle and its government keeps postponing the day of reckoning by borrowing to keep the system alive (the US, with the global reserve currency can afford to borrow for a while from the rest of the world but Nigeria cannot). Everywhere, such a distributional system has acquired a huge and powerful constituency, and the political cost of dismantling and re-coupling is not trivial. There is also an intergenerational issue involved. The present beneficiaries don’t care if the same benefits do not extend to the future generations: they just want to have their share and go, and let the future generations take care of themselves. Nigeria cannot continue to share the national cake without caring how it is baked.

The end

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Opinion

Voice of Emancipation: Yoruba Nation Campaign: Momentum for the Struggle

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By Kayode Emola

Five years ago, a revival of the call for Yoruba independence started. People began to clamour for the formation of a Yoruba nation outside of Nigeria. Meanwhile, many folks who either did not believe at all, or were only half-hearted about the idea of complete independence, nonetheless still advocated for a devolved Yoruba nation within Nigeria. Ultimately, whichever camp one falls into, we all agree that the present-day Nigeria does not serve the majority of its people and therefore requires a major overhaul.

We must seriously consider our approach to this task, as we do not want to end up like the Israelites, wandering in the wilderness for 40 years even though God had told them to go and possess the Cannan land. We must avoid the pitfalls that can set us back, and be open to embracing new ideas in pursuit of our aim. Most importantly, we must remove from among ourselves this mentality of “I have to be at the centre of affairs before major decisions can take place.”

I believe Nigeria is not capable of stopping us if we decide to pull out of this unhealthy union that has plunged the majority of our people into poverty. However, our campaign is hampered by a lackadaisical attitude which I believe is born out of fear. Until we overcome this fear, we may never take the plunge that will either make or break this campaign.

In 2022, heightened levels of activity could have led to the birth of the new nation; however, the selfish ambitions of a minority held us back, trapping us in the situation we are today. It still baffles me that over 5,000,000 Yoruba people can sign a petition to leave Nigeria, yet we struggle to even get 100 people to attend meetings where serious strategizing on how we can achieve our independent nation can take place.

In fact, I doubt if there are even 100,000 people across the entire world who are ready to commit their time, energy and resources to achieve this noble cause. It feels like the majority want to sit back whilst someone else puts in the work to realise Yoruba independence, and merely reap the fruits of another’s labours once it is completed. This was exactly what happened with the Israelites: less than 20% believed they could vanquish the Canaanites, and so this prophecy self-fulfilled, prolonging their time in the wilderness.

Why do numbers of supporters’ matter? Because it sends a strong signal to the authorities that we are determined to exercise our inalienable right to self-determination. That being said, we don’t need the entire Yoruba people to subscribe to the idea before we begin to make impact. The Israelites were held back as a result of listening to the voices of the majority. I believe we should listen to the voice of the progressive few who truly know what they are doing and be guided by them at all times.

Consider Iceland, a country of less than four hundred thousand people and little or no natural resources, and yet it is one of the wealthiest nations on earth. This country relies mostly on imports for their everyday goods, although they do also export seafood and aluminium products.

If this small country of Iceland can build a system that works for their people, then I propose that we the Yoruba people who believe in independent Yoruba nation outside Nigeria must begin our own system of governing ourselves. Quite a few people have been mooting the idea of Customary Law government which is recognised by the United Nation and currently being practiced in Northern Nigeria for over 100 years.

If northern Nigeria is permitted to practice their customary law government giving them the powers to create their religious (Hisbah) police, then I believe we the southerners must take our destiny seriously. It is now time to take roll call of those who truly believe in the Yoruba nation struggle and are willing to pursue it with all that they have and not just mere say.

We must target at least a million people who are devoted to the struggle and are willing to help set up the customary law government, giving it the legitimacy it requires. After all, the current British Prime Minister and his immediate predecessor were not voted by the country. They were elected by a handful of people who are their political party faithful. The people who voted the British Prime Minster were less than two hundred party members who subscribed to be a party member.

If we can be able to set up a system whereby people can subscribe even with a little monthly token, as little as a dollar, then a million people would bring a million dollar to the cause. With this revenue, those tasked with representing our people can begin the developmental programmes that will propel us into becoming a formidable force to be reckon with.

I know some people may see this idea as foolish. But if we have over 70 million Yoruba people, even if over half of them live below the poverty line, then we should not struggle to find 1 million people to kickstart our new nation. For if we cannot find 1 million people, or even half of that number, then maybe we should just bury the idea of Yoruba independence and simply embrace being slaves in Nigeria forever.

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Adding Value

Adding Value: The Test of Character by Henry Ukazu

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Dear Destiny Friends,

The test of character is having the ability to meet challenges – Walter Anneberg

In life, one test everyone will surely experience, is the test of character. Our character will surely be tested. It is therefore, instructive to note that circumstances don’t say who we are, they reveal who we are. The character of a human being is manifested when they face challenges. This is why the best qualities of strength, courage, love, persistence, and loyalty are manifested when one faces betrayals, disappointments, failures, and challenges of life whether it is small or big.

When you face challenges, it is advisable to respond positively and constructively. When you react negatively, it shows how your mindset works, knowing that according to Walter Annenberg, “The test of character is having the ability to meet challenges”.

It is easy for people to say, I will do this, I will do that, I won’t do this, I won’t do that etc., when they have power, but when they are faced with trials or opportunities, their true being will manifest.

Some schools of thought opine that one can hardly advise these four sets of people: a woman in love, a rich man, a religious bigot and a member of a political party.

Do you know your character can manifest when you experience challenges? To show you how character works, imagine that as a driver, a passenger or stranger forgets a million dollars in your car, what would you do in such a situation? Again, imagine when you see a million dollars on the ground, and no one is there around to claim the money. What will you do  in such a situation? Will you return the money or give it to the appropriate authorities? If you decide to return the money, that again, is the test of your character. When you keep the money, that shows how your mindset works. Again, circumstances don’t say who you are, it reveals who you are.

Furthermore, one of the ways to know a great man is by looking at how he treats those who can do nothing to him. The true being of the man will be shown via his humility, kindness, respect, and more importantly, his understanding of life. This is because, according to Charles Beard, “the two great tests of character are wealth and poverty. How you act when you have money is quite different from how you act when you are poor.

Ultimately in my humble opinion, the three tests of character are” adversity, temptation, and power. As human beings, we’ll surely have one form of adversity or the other, and this adversity can come in the form of various temptations. Our prayer should be, God, grant me the grace to overcome the temptations and adversity of life.

Furthermore, a man can’t say he’s strong until he’s able to withstand the temptations of a woman in addition to being able to control his anger when his wife annoys him.

According to Abraham Lincoln, “any man can stand adversity, but if you really want to test his character, give him power.” I will add money and women. If he’s able to control and manage them very well without them managing and overpowering him, he is a man of repute and influence.

It’s one thing to be generous, loving, compassionate, etc. when life is rosy for us, but quite another to maintain noble attitudes when things are no longer going our way. Adversity, it seems, has the power to bring out the best or the worst in us because circumstances don’t say who we are, rather, they reveal who we are.

In conclusion, if you are passionate about a cause, one of the ways to determine if you will be successful about the project is through your ability to forge ahead with the right attitude and character when adversity and temptations bring up their ugly heads, and I pray when you finally get to the top, may God grant you the grace to bring up a virtuous character that will attract and humble the world.

Henry Ukazu writes from New York. He works with the New York City Department of Correction as the Legal Coordinator.  He’s a Transformative Human Capacity and Mindset coach. He is also a public speaker, youth advocate and creative writer Design Your Destiny and Unleash Your Destiny.  He can be reached via info@gloemi.com

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