Opinion
Mike Adenuga – A Septuagenarian Like a Mighty Oak: Life As a Destined Journey
By Hon. Femi Kehinde
On the 6th of March 1979, Chief Jeremiah Oyeniyi Obafemi Awolowo attained a septuagenarian status of 70 years. The Military government of General Olusegun Obasanjo in 1978 lifted ban of party politics, and Obafemi Awolowo and his Committee of Friends had formed the Unity Party of Nigeria (UPN), perhaps as an off-shoot of the defunct Action Group (AG). At a campaign rally in Mapo Hall Ibadan, attended by a mammoth crowd of jubilant party stalwarts, Awolowo was erouded into the campaign rally with deafening shouts of the usual “Awo! Awo!! Awo!!!’. The impressed Obafemi Awolowo in appreciation of the large attendance decreed that being now a septuagenarian i.e. as a 70 year old man, he should now be addressed as “Papa Awo”, and the crowd instantly changed the tune to “Papa Awo! Papa Awo!! Papa Awo!!!” in ecstasy and frenzy.
Micheal Adeniyi Agbolade Ishola Adenuga, a Nigerian successful business man, a philanthropist and an entrepreneur attained the septuagenarian status age of 70years on the 29th of April, 2023, and thus like Obafemi Awolowo at 70, has now become “Papa Mike Adenuga”. What a sweet elevation in God’s grace, splendor and magnificence.
Yoruba epistemology and mores believe that whatever happens to Man, whatever happens in life, has already been predestined. Man chooses his destiny -‘AYANMO’ while coming into the world, and man knees down to choose his lot – ‘AKUNLEYAN’ before the presence of God. The great music maestro and philosopher – Chief Ebenezer Obey, had sung in a beautiful lyrics – “Ayanmo mi latowo oluwa ni, eda aiye kan ko le yi mi ni po pada…”
Man’s destiny is Unalterable. Navigating through the labyrinths of Mike’s destiny is certainly “Ori olowo, Ori olola, Ori oloro” – The head that has a Midas touch – a Greek myth in which King Midas turned anything he touched to gold.
Here is the chronicle;
Micheal Adeniyi Agbolade Ishola Adenuga Jr. was born on wednesday, 29th of April, 1953 to Oloye Micheal Agbolade Adenuga Sr. who was a school teacher, and Omoba Juliana Oyindamola Adenuga (nee Onashile) who was a business woman. They were both natives of Ijebu-Igbo in Ogun State. Micheal grew up in Ibadan where he had his early life (infancy and adolescence) in Oke-Ado Ibadan, which was then Ibadan’s epicenter before the advent of Bodija Estate in 1958.
Oke-Ado was the home of Ibadan elites, academicians, entrepreneurs, business men and women of the moments. It was the home of the first sets of Indegenous intelligentsias – the men and women who would eventually shape the cause of Nigeria’s history. Oke-Ado was where the noveaux riches who arrived with independence lived, it was home to Chief Obafemi Awolowo – First Premier of the Western Region, Pa T. L. Oyesina – Foremost Educationist, Proprietor of Ibadan Boy’s High School and Ibadan City Academy Eleta, Ibadan, Akin Deko, S.A Tinubu of Iresi, Justice Morgan – Chief Justice of the Western Region who succeeded the Ghanian Quarshie Idun as Chief Justice, Justice Olujide Somolu – Chief Awolowo’s best man on the 26th of December 1937, Daniel Olorunfemi Fagunwa on Ajanla street – Author of “Ogboju Ode Ninu Igbo Irumole”, Amos Tutuola – Author of
“the palm wine drunkard”, The Otudekos, J. B. Oye (GoodWear Tailors), Chief Ogunsola – Premier Ladoke Akintola’s private secretary, the Craigs, the Italian Construction Firm of L. Dalberto, the home of popular textile trader and woman activist, Alhaja Humoani Alaga built in 1951, Bola Babalakin, Surveyor Ososami, Bola Ige, Wole Soyinka, Chief Isamosta Ashiru, Victor Esan – one of Ibadan’s first early lawyers, while his wife Wuraola Esan was the founder of People’s Girls Grammer School, Molete-Ibadan and Ibadan first woman senator, Chief T.A Oni (Oni and Sons) – the popular Ibadan Construction giant, Omololu Olunloyo, Duro Ogundiran – Lawyer and First Republic Minister in the Werstern Region, and a host of others. Oke-Ado was also then the fleet street of legal practice in Ibadan that had the law firms of Obafemi Awolowo and Abiodun Akerele, Bola Babalakin and Co, Olu Ayoola and Co, Duro Ogundiran and Co, Rosiji and Co, Ogunkeye and Co and a host of other legal titans. Many entrepreneurs thrived on this popular road – Titi Oke Ado. There was the popular Ogunkoya Stores, the Osibodu’s House, the Rab and Lally Chemist of the Irabors, the Toye Chemists, the Palms Chemist of the Akinkugbes, the Trumed Chemist, Mama Oyin Adenuga Stores – the mother of the communication guru, Micheal Adenuga. It was behind Dr. Doherty’s hospital, which was also close to the Owuru family house, the Ladega Family House.
Ladega later became the Ayangburen of Ikorodu. Not very far was the home of Rev. T. T. Solaru, whose wife was the leader of the Action Group Women Association. In the belly of Oke-Ado was the Palm Tree Club, almost opposite the Odeon Cinema and also Rex Cinema that kept Oke-Ado bubbling. Shortly before the Odeon Cinema was the Seven Sisters Club and Independence Club. Oke-Ado then bubbled with actions and activities. This is a reflection of the environment Mike grew up. He attended Ebenezer African Church Primary School, Oke-Ado Ibadan, between 1959 and 1964. The school was a grade one primary school under the headmastership of Mr. F. Owo Adekoya, a stern disciplinarian. The school was the elementary school of the children of popular Ibadan elites at the time – The likes of Gabriel Rusewe (Rusewe Motors), Theophilus Adediran Oni (Oni & Sons), Chief Z. A. Koya (CEO Abiodun Printing Works), the Agbejas, the Fagunwas, and the Sanyaolus, among others. Also, children of Top Civil Servants, Politicians and “who is who” in Ibadan and within the Oke-Ado neighbourhood attended Ebenezer African Church Primary School. Interestingly, Oni & Sons would bring his children of about 15 to school in a bus. The school apart from its seasoned and highly disciplined headmaster, had good teachers – Mr. Akinpelu, Mrs. Makinde, Mrs. Onafuwa, Mr. Ojosipe, Mr. Odeyemi, and Mr. Olorunisomo (the games master).
After successful completion of his primary education in December 1964, Micheal Adeniyi Agbolade Adenuga was admitted to Ibadan Grammar School in January 1965 to begin another phase of life.
Ibadan people value and treasure education. In 1901, the Baale of Ibadan, Baale Fajinmi (1897-1902) made a proclamation that made it compulsory for every household to send at least one child to school or pay a fine of 5 pounds; following the example of the Akinyele Brothers – Alexander Babatunde Akinyele (1875 -1968) and Isaac Babalola Akinyele (1882 -1964). The two brothers bestowed the environment of Ibadan in the field of education, religion, tranditional monarchy, social responsibility and politics, each like a colossus. Alexander Babatunde Akinyele was the first Ibadan university graduate in 1911, having graduated at the Fourah Bay College in Sierra leone with a Bachelor of Arts degree of the University of Durham in England. He was a clergyman and later became a bishop. Bishop Alexander Akinyele on the 31st of March 1913 founded the Ibadan Grammar School single-handedly, he was its first principal until 1933. Whilst as principal, he encouraged wealthy men and Ibadan elites to take their children to school. Two of Sanusi Adebisi Idikan’s children – Azeez Zakariyyah and Salawu Adebisi attended Ibadan Grammar School under the principalship of Bishop Alexander Akinyele. There were no higher educational institutions then in Ibadan after Ibadan Grammar School. Bishop Akinyele visited Sanusi Adebisi Idikan to encourage him and also intimate him on the prospects of gaining a university admission for his two sons in Europe, who had just left his college, with the hope that it would be an encouragement to other Ibadan wealthy men and elites. But Adebisi whilst thanking Bishop Akinyele for his concern and also acknowledging his episcopal visit, told the Bishop and Principal, that he would not like to expose his children to the danger associated with schooling abroad. According to him, the man of means would always employ the man of Knowledge. Sanusi Adebisi Idikan – First Ibadan notable entrepreneur and philanthropist born in 1882, died in 1938 at the age of 56years. Following his elevation to the position of Assistant Bishop of Lagos Diocese, Alexander was succeeded by Reverend Latunde, later Reverend E.A Odunsanwo, and later his son in-law, the legendary Archdeacon (then Reverend) E.O Alayande in 1948. Archdeacon E.O Alayande was the principal until 1968, when he was succeeded by Rev. Ayo Labiyi, former Principal of Lagelu Grammar School, Ibadan who assumed duty in January 1969, when Mike Adenuga was in his final year.
Ibadan Grammar School started in 1913, in the first 31years of its establishment, it only admitted boys, it officially became co-educational in 1941, and later 1966. It moved from Alekuso, later to Oke-Are, and permanently moved to its present site in Molete, Ibadan. It was at the molete site that the school blossomed. In 1965, Mike joined his senior brother, Ademola Adenuga who was already a top senior student of the school. He was admitted into Form 1C. His school hostel was at the Olubadan house. There were four (4) hostels – Akinyele House, Olubadan House, Irefin House and Olubi House.
One of Mike’s classmates, a Russian trained Medical Doctor and retired Permanent Secretary in the Osun State Civil Service, Dr. Olufemi Adefioye has a fond memory of their studentship in Ibadan Grammar School between 1965 and 1969. According to Dr. Adefioye, among Mike’s roommates in Olubadan House were – Olagoke (Bros Jenko) who was the House Captain, Late. Olusegun Kokumo Agagu (former Governor of Ondo State), Prof. Seye Odebiyi (Late) – Prof. of Biochemistry at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, (the school headboy, 1965), Titus Ajayi, Dr. Adeola Mohammed (now Pastor (Dr.) Adeola Bankole), Adewale Akinloye, Abiodun Abodunwa (Retired Banker), Engr. Siji Oluwole, Shipeolu. Mike’s classmates were – Dr. Oladapo Samuel (Orthopaedic Surgeon, Newcastle in UK), Dr. Adeola Mohammed (now Bankole), Arch. Alexander Adedotun Dedeke, Arch. Sasore (Late.), Muyiwa Kupoluyi, Titus Ajayi, Bolaji Fowler, Chief Femi Lanleyin (Solan) (son of Chief Owoola Lanleyin) – A First Republic top Politician, Femi Peace Ojaere, Nwosu Effiong, Muyiwa Esan, Prof. Archdeacon Kolawole Jayeoba (former Vice Chancellor, Ajayi Crowther University). Prof. Kolawole Jayeoba has an interesting story, his grandfather and his father, himself and his two children attended Ibadan Grammar School. The school again became a mixed school with the admission of girls into the school in early 1966. The girls who joined them in class were – Ibiyemi Fakunle (now Prof. Mrs Ogunlade) a retired Professor of Chemistry, Nurse Kehinde Ladapo (now Mrs. Arojojoye), Elizabeth D’Amelda, Omowunmi Owolabi (now Mrs. Ogundele), Taiwo and Kehinde Olomojobi. Mike was a friend to everyone in school, but was personally close to James Babatunde Daudu (JayBeeDee) and Titus Ajayi. Mike’s teachers who turned out to be old boys were – Prof. Fakuade (Mathematics), Bode Alalade (Literature), Bayo Akinnola, Mr. Adekanmbi, Mr. Akinbanji (English), Mr. Adepeju (Geography), Late. Pa Wusu (Fine Art), and Saka Bamidele (Physics). The school sponsored Saka Bamidele and Bode Alalade for Post Graduate Diploma in England in 1969. There were also many expatriate teachers – Mr & Mrs Wood Robbinson (Biology), Mr. Tyler (Physics), Mavin Powell (Geography), Late Rev. Fletcher (Economics) who was also the Football Coach and Vice Principal in 1965, Mrs. Fletcher (French), Miss Jackson (French), Miss Bull (Basic french and Latin), Mr. Aigbokai (Geography), Mr. Schurff (Chemistry). Mike’s Seniors in school then were – Olusegun Kokumo Agagu (5years ahead), Late. Col. Alalade (4years ahead), Engr. Foluseke Somolu who was Chairman Nigerian Society of Engineers (5years ahead), Ademola Adenuga (5years ahead).
The students of Ibadan Grammar School during Mike Adenuga’s time were under a stern mentorship, training and discipline of their Principal, Archdeacon Alayande. He knew the students could be rascally, and that the boys could be boisterous, and he was ready for them. Most times, Archdeacon Alayande would drive to Ibadan City hangouts in the night to fish out some of his boys who sneaked out of the school hostel, usually slanged ‘Gbofe’. He would catch some and a few of them would escape before driving them back to school. There was a story of a son of a foremost Nigerian politician that was caught at the popular Mokola hangout with some of his friends, he caught them, and asked them to sit at the back of the Pick-up Van. Rev. Alayande drove them back to the school, only to discover that the boys had disappeared, jumping out of the Pick-up van. The students ran to the hostel, Rev. Alayande found out that they were already asleep on their beds, he denied ever being caught by Baba Alayande at any Mokola hangout. Abdulahi, an albino was sighted in town by the Principal, Baba Alayande. The school bell rang, and Baba Alayande asked Abdulahi to come out, that he saw him at Molete some moments ago, Abdulahi denied ever moving out of the school premises, that the principal probably saw an Albino who was his look alike in Molete, but he was actually the one the principal saw, he had ran back to school before the school bell rang. Some boys upon the sight of the Principal would dive into the nearby Kudeti River (popularly called River Jordan by the students) close to St. Luke’s Teachers Training College. They would swim across the river, and landed straight at the back of Irefin House. A prolific and fruitful mango tree in front of the office block was a forbidden tree. Baba Alayande would say “man plucks mango, man goes” that is, immediate suspension from the school for whoever plucks mango. Boys would sneak out of the hostel in the night to eat Itele (cow foot), and there were city hangouts, clubs and cinemas that were patronized by the boys – Skala in Sabo, Odeon Cinema in Oke-Ado, Queen Cinema in Adamasingba, Rex Cinema in Okebola, Premier Hotel swimming pool, Seven Sisters Club and Independence Club in Oke-Ado, Chrisboh Garden in Odo-Ona.
Ibadan Grammar School was of great delight and patronage with sufficient and well trained teachers and adequate staff quarters in a serene environment, well mowed and luscious lawns that were of horticultural delights, sufficient classrooms and laboratories, halls, dinings, libraries and so many other facilities that made learning very conducive. Those were the good days of public schools. No wonder, Mike Adenuga’s set did outstandingly well in the School Certificate Examination of 1969. Ibadan Grammar School was really cosmopolitan with students from all over Nigeria. The likes of children of Audu Bako (former Governor of Kano State), Nwosu Effiong made the school register. Amongst Ibadan Grammar School products are – Justice Franklin Atake, Chief Ayo Rosiji (a consummate first republic politician and lawyer), Prof. Micheal Omolewa, Oba. Adedotun Aremu Gbadebo III (Alake of Egba Land), Chief Bola Ige (former Governor of Oyo State), Prof. Akinmaboogunje – Emeritus Professor of Geography, Urban and Regional Planning, Justice Atinuke Ige, Chief Gbadegesin Ajeigbe, Chief K.O. Latunji, Chief Odelana, Justice Ayotunde Phillips (former Chief Judge of Lagos State), Ken Nnamani, Alfred Diete-Spiff (former Governor of Rivers State), Alex Ibru, Abdul Hamid Adiamoh, Olusegun Agagu (Former Govenor of Ondo State), Barr. Yinka Ogungbemi and Dimeji Mako (Late.) – Immediate past president, Ibadan Grammar School Old Students Association.
After a sterling performance in his Secondary School Certificate Examination, Micheal Adeniyi Adenuga proceeded to Comprehensive High School, Ayetoro, Ogun State for his Higher School Certificate (HSC). Comprehensive High School, Ayetoro was established in 1963 by the United State Agency for International Development (USAID), the Ford Foundation, the defunct Western Region Government, through the ideas of the founding fathers, Chief B. Shomade and Dr. Adams Skepson. He did very well in his A-level studies, and proceeded to the United States of America for further studies. He attended Northwestern Oklahoma State University and Pace University, New York, with degrees in Business Administration. Whilst in America, as an undergraduate, he drove taxi cab to augment his income to support his university education aside from parental supports from home.
After completion of his university education, a world of business in Nigeria attracted him, having been a son of a very successful business woman, Chief Mrs. Juliana Oyindamola Adenuga. He came back to Nigeria to follow the footsteps of his hugely successful business woman mother by selling soft drinks and lace materials amongst many other business ventures, and made his first million at a young age of 26 years. In his early days, Mama Adenuga had shown her children (Olu, Folashade, Ademola, Yetunde and Mike Adenuga) the way of commerce. According to Mike’s immediate senior sister, Chief Mrs Yetunde Olubunmi Adegbola, “We all remember selling special bags mama brought from London, and sold by all the children with Niyi making more profit than all of us. We didn’t actually come from a poor family, the money was there, but our parents made us to work and value hard-work and money. We were made to appreciate money; that it is not easy to get money. In those days, Niyi was a very good footballer as a child. They called him goalkeeper. Our mother made us to hawk chaff after school. I would go and hawk mine, he would be playing football, after selling mine, I would come and take his and help him to sell”.
Money is like a ravishing vapor, whenever it smiles on you, you must hold it with a hand of steel, hence it disappears, beautifully conceptualized in Yoruba myth as “Alejo lowo”. Mike did just that, following the Adenuga’s philosophy of money and financial husbandry and made it when mother luck smiled on him. As soon as Mike Adenuga completed his studies in the United States, he returned to Nigeria. Mama Adenuga was fully entrenched in business and it was under Mama’s tutelage that he began trading. Mike Adenuga began by selling removable car stereos, ran the family sawmill factory in Ogun State, grew the business, and included importation of sawmill equipments, most especially, CD machine’s bandsaws, circular machines, etc. He also veered into importation of beer and lace materials (fabrics) where he made it big. It was a business he picked up through chance, destiny and mother luck. He had missed his British Airways flight when returning home from a trip in the United States and had to fly Swiss Air. On the flight, he was lucky to sit next to the owner of one of the biggest lace manufacturing companies in Austria. It was the man who convinced him before the flight touched down to give lace importation a shot. He took his advice and he made it big. He also later ventured into tomato puree and vegetable oil.
Success begets success. Success like life itself could be an aphrodisiac. When life is pleasant and pleasurable, it could be an aphrodisiac, spurring you to more successes and greater heights. But when life is sad, hard, and sordid; everyday looks like a gloom and apocalypse.
Micheal Adenuga at the age of 26 years had seen success and made money, which he wanted to sustain. He decided to re-brand and reshape his business enterprise into a conglomerate – Micheal Adenuga Group of Companies, where he is the chairman. Trading, importation, banking & finance, oil & gas, real estate, investments in critical sectors of the economy and all sorts were his avidity.
General Ibrahim Babangida as the President of Nigeria at a time, decided to break the monopoly of foreign operators in the oil and gas business in Nigeria by encouraging indigenous operators to come on board and apply for license. Micheal Adenuga applied for one (Mike Adenuga’s company) – Consolidated Oil applied and was granted some oil blocs. It was a very risky and novel decision that even the business guru mentor, his mother, Mama Oyin Adenuga advised against throwing money into the Atlantic. Mike’s company spent over $100million on evaluation, interpretation and drilling. This courage, tenacity, aciduity and audacity paid off at the long run, nothing ventured, nothing gained. This unique courage paid when Consolidated Oil became the first Nigerian company to explore, discover, and produce oil in large commercial quantities, now known as Conoil Producing Limited, which is currently the leading Indigenous oil and gas exploration and producing company in Africa. Mike Adenuga’s venture into the oil and gas sector became successful as one of the wells that was being drilled struck oil on Tuesday, December 24, 1991 making his company the first Indigenous company to discover oil in commercial quantities.
Before the advent of Consolidated Oil, Micheal Adenuga had also forayed into the banking sector by founding and promoting Equitorial Trust Bank Nigeria Limited and Devcom Merchant Bank Nigeria Limited. In the year 2000, Micheal Adenuga’s Consolidated Oil bought over National oil of the Federal government by acquiring majority shares and renamed the company “Conoil Plc” after injecting fresh funds. Conoil Plc has over 450 retail outlets all over the country. Interestingly, Senator Abiola Ajimobi (Late.) (former Governor of Oyo State) before he ventured into politics was once Managing Director of National Oil and Conoil Plc respectively.
Adenuga ventured into telecommunications and mother luck also smiled on him but not without some bruises, skirmishes and hiccups. He had applied for the first GSM license and lost money, but was persistent until he made it the second time. He however ran into heavy power play by men of the moments at the time. The Awujale of Ijebu-Land – Oba Sikiru Kayode Adetona acknowledged the pivotal role of his maternal aunt, Chief Mrs Oyindamola Adenuga who according to him was the force behind his mother – Chief (Mrs.) Wulemotu Ajibabi Adetona’s determination to see him educated. In his growing up years, Oba Sikiru had lived at various points in time with Mike’s mother, Chief (Mrs.) Oyin Adenuga in Ibadan. In reciprocating this motherly love and affection of his mother’s younger sister in his early upbringing, Oba Sikiru had always been protective of her interest and that of her children. On the 9th of July, 2006, according to the Awujale, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) had come brusquely on Mike Adenuga; they broke his gate and swarmed into his house, and also kept him under house arrest. The Awujale swung into action and raised a legal team to defend him. Consequently, Mohammed, son of Ibrahim Babangida (former Head of State) was also quizzed, because of an allegation that Atiku Abubakar, the Vice President of Nigeria and Chairman of Petroleum Trust Development Fund (PTDF) had placed some of PTDF’s funds in Mike Adenuga’s Equitorial Trust Bank which had assisted Mike in paying for the Globacom license. Mike debunked this and showed evidence of payment for the license through a loan from the BNP Paribas Bank of France. Former President, Ibrahim Babangida was also suspected to be a shareholder in Globacom. Mike subsequently went on exile to London and whilst in London went on vacation with the Awujale to France. Coincidentally, President Olusegun Obasanjo was also in France to attend a Conference of African Presidents on the invitation of President Chirac of France. The Awujale used this opportunity to visit Chief Obasanjo to further explain Mike’s case and how he was just being a pawn in a political chess game and conundrum. At the lobby of the Embassy Hotel where Mike had waited for the Awujale who had gone for a private meeting with Chief Obasanjo, he told Mike that he had nothing against him and a clever Mike, replied back to the Man of Power “Your Excellency, I understand, thank you”. Through thick and thin the Awujale fought for Mike’s cause until it was finally resolved. The Globacom later became a big brand and a big player in Nigeria and African Continent.
Globacom is now the second largest telecommunications in the country. Despite the fact that he was 2 years behind the others when he launched the network his entry strategy was to wage a price war by introducing per second billing rather than per minute billing of earlier operators; it was a master stroke. He demystified Telecommunications Services by making his services available and affordable by slashing the price of Sim Cards. Mike Adenuga now earns income per second. Glo innovately was the only operator in Africa to launch his operation on 2.5G network which now enables the convergence of voice, data, and multimedia technologies. Globacom now has a network base of about 60.7million subscribers as at January 2023 in a country with a population of about 200 million. It has a vast network already laid fiber crisscrossing all parts of the country. It has highly successful subsidiary networks operating in other West African Countries: GLO-1 (Globacom-1) – This is the only solely-owned high capacity submarine with connection to the USA and running from the UK through African and European countries. It has been and continues to be a huge commercial success at the heart of the socio-economic development of Nigeria.
Mama Oyin Adenuga – Mike’s mother was a hugely successful business woman of her time, who apparently nurtured and encouraged her children (Olu, Folashade, Ademola, Yetunde and Micheal Adenuga) to be successful in life. She could certainly be placed alongside Ibadan business women of her time. In the women folks were the likes of Alhaja Humoani Alaga, Madam Janet Alatede Aboderin (Mother of Moyosore Aboderin, Olu Aboderin and Ajibola Ogunsola), Alhaja Rabiatu Adedigba Akindele (Mother of Chief Bode Akindele) and the first Ibadan woman to go on holy pilgrimage; these were great Ibadan women of great business acumen in the early days. Mama HID Awolowo was also prominent in the textile business and her textile store was located in Gbagi, Ibadan known as “Awolowo Corner”. As resentment to non-admission of non-christian girls to a Girls Mission School in Ibadan, Alhaja Humoani Alaga single-handedly established Isabatudeen Girls Grammar School in Ibadan in 1964. She established her textile trading business in 1928 and by 1933 she had become one of the most successful merchants who had properties in the United Kingdom. In 1961, Mama Oyin Adenuga had built a magnificent four (4) flats storey building somewhere in Molete, Ibadan ready for occupation. Alhaji Jimoh Odutola of Ijebu-Ode, a great Nigerian business pathfinder and industrialist had come to claim that the land was his and that she should remove her building from the land. The visibly disturbed business woman – Mama Oyin Adenuga visited the Governor of the Western Region, who was also the Ooni of Ife – Oba (Sir.) Adesoji Tadeniawo Aderemi, to report this incident to him and ask for his Royal intervention. Oba (Sir.) Adesoji Aderemi had then succeeded Olola Sir. John Rankine as the Governor of the Western Region in 1960. The Adenugas had lived in Ile Ife before relocating to Ibadan and had courted a friendly relationship with the Royal Palace and more particularly, Mama had been friends with Olori Rebecca Morenike Aderemi – mother of the Late Justice Aderoju Aderemi and Prince Towo Aderemi. Olori Rebecca Morenike Aderemi took the visiting business woman and friend to see the Governor and the Ooni of Ife at the Government House, Agodi, Ibadan. She narrated her story. The Ooni immediately called Alhaji Jimoh Odutola who also had once lived in Ile-Ife and Royally advised him to leave Mama Oyin Adenuga alone. He admonished him to forget about the land dispute. That was the end of the matter.
Otunba Ademola Adenuga, an Elder brother of Micheal Adenuga nourishes and relishes a fond memory of their mother. According to him “My mother had one credo, that what she had in her lifetime should go to all her children. She bought houses for all of us apart from the ones we shared after her death. She bought houses and warehouses in Ibadan for her children. For Christmas, she normally gave us fat cheques to help us in our lives and in our businesses. I remember there was a time each child got forty thousand pounds, which was a very big amount. There was a time each child got 1.5million before she died. Even when she died, we shared money too. She was the best mother ever. We cannot forget her and our father; may their souls continually rest in peace”. Otunba Ademola Adenuga is a graduate of Biochemistry from the University of Ibadan, also, an old student of Ibadan Grammar School and an accomplished business man. He is the Chairman of Demus Mayor Group of Companies and was once the Chairman, National Salt Company Plc. In March 1974, he was employed by the Nigerian Breweries and according to him “My Sister (Mrs Folashade Akande) and Mama, without telling my father bought me a brand new Toyota Corona. I started work in the Nigerian Breweries with the brand new Toyota Corona, courtesy of my sister and mum”.
Micheal Adeniyi Adenuga enjoys a close-knit relationship with his siblings, even till date.
Mike’s immediate elder sister, Mrs Olubunmi Yetunde Adegbola also reminisces on her growing up years with her younger brother and last child of their parents. She said “I keep going back to Mike’s years as a kid growing up, because that is the part I am very nostalgic about. As a kid, his favorite food was eba. I remember we had this radio announcer next to us called Brother Dipo, he was so close to Deniyi – you all call him Mike, I call him Deniyi. Deniyi loved this I.K Dairo song, Osupa roro loju orun (meaning the moon is shining in the night sky). On coming on air he would put on that record and Deniyi would stand by the rediffusion box like he wanted to enter it. He loved singing. He enjoyed the music of Victor Uwaifo and I.K Dairo. They were his favorites when he was young. The radio announcer would play that record and he would be so happy. Let me end by saying, “I am proud to be his sister”. I love him for his person not for his name, not for his achievements, but what he has been to me. We are not talking about today. He has always been generous from his childhood. He would spend all his money on his friends. He had so many friends he was looking after. “That’s Deniyi for you. He is still childish at heart”.
A childhood friend of this writer and former staff, and later Executive Director of Equitorial Trust Bank nourishes a sweet memory of his work relationships with his boss – Mike Adenuga for about 18 years. I informally and briefly asked him to give me a brief narration of his working experience, and quite unprepared for my question, after exchanging some social banters and our own early days memorabilias, he went into sweet eulogies and down memory lane, and he said “some of the things I can tell you about him is that “he’s a very hardworking man, a workaholic, he works till 1.00 am, 2.00 am and he could have his meeting up to 2.00 am. He’s just somebody that doesn’t joke with his business. Most of the office work passes through his table. He knows virtually all the subjects: banking, commerce, economics, etc; he knows everything. You can’t beat him in all the subjects. If you know your job, you know your onions, and if he notices you to be very hard-working, you will be seriously rewarded. He doesn’t hesitate to reward his staff for excellent Job done and his reward system should I say is strange or funny, because it is uncommonly surprising and usually unexpected. You know sometimes they will just call you from his office as a staff, saying you have something waiting for you in the Chairman’s office. Mike Adenuga listens, he seeks opinion of people before taking decisions. I remember before I became Executive Director, I never expected it; it was the time we had issues with Lamido during the administration of President Yaradua. I thought the issue was taken to him and President Yaradua pleaded that CBN should regulate us, I was about the most senior person in the bank then. Most of the people had left; those who were GM and above were relieved of their jobs while some resigned because of the crisis, but I decided to stay back. He sought opinion on who he could use as E.D., so some people suggested me. So, on one Saturday afternoon, I was called to hold on for the Chairman (I was even at a party then, so I told the person to hold on because I was in a noisy place). The next voice I had was from my boss (Mike Adenuga). He said, Sola how’re you? Ah! It‘s been a while. Did you eat anything left for us? Very humorous and pleasant character. I replied, “not at all, Sir, we are just managing, Sir”. Then he said “You know this problem we have with the CBN and I have been trying to resolve it. We have just decided to make you one of the Executive Directors; just keep it to yourself. Don’t tell anybody; congratulations!”. That was it. My hand was shaking. I came out of the car. A friend, Kunle who was with me at the party asked me, what happened? I told him not to worry, that it was something good that was coming. Before long, I was asked to submit my CV and it was taken to CBN. Approval was received by CBN. Behold, that was how I and one other guy represented him at the board for two years. Mike Adenuga values integrity and transparency. He is a man of morals and mores, he respects culture a lot. He is blessed and he blesses people. I remember when I did my father’s burial, he gave me money. The following year, my mother died, he also gave me money. I didn’t spend anything because the money was more than sufficient enough for me. He is an indoor person, very shy, but if you have an opportunity to go out with him, you will not be tired. Infact, he will serve you whatever you want to eat or drink. If you’re talking about someone who likes to hide himself, he is. He is very kind and generous. I’ve stayed in one of his houses in Ibadan free of charge despite paying my housing allowance as a component of my salary. He recognizes people doing something special. He doesn’t forget his helpers. He is very warm and affable, he is fun to be with; very jovial. He’s a special person. You know sometimes, you can’t also be successful if you’re not very strict in Nigeria. Some of the things we learnt from him is that he is serious minded and result oriented. In the meeting, if you don’t have anything reasonable to say, you better keep quiet. Once he knows you’re good, then you’re good. If you are focused and committed, you will steal his heart. He gives room for development for his staff. He is happy at everyone’s progress. Then in terms of pay package, he does us well. If he finds out you’re going because of the pay you’re receiving, he will just tell you to go find out the top three paying banks in Nigeria. He will ensure no one is shortchanged but instead his staffs are better paid than their counterparts. He has this unique style of operation which puts his staff at an advantage over colleagues in other organisations.
A very prominent Nigerian and Legend, told this writer of Mike’s benefaction; and gleefully said “Whenever I wake up every morning, I report him to God to continually bless him and uphold him for his numerous act of kindness and benefaction towards me”.
Another Childhood friend and brother of this writer – Akinrogun Dele Momodu has the following sweet words on Mike Adenuga when he was 70 years old last year – “every man should wake up and pray to meet and become good friend with the spirit of Africa. Trust me, it is worth every second of it. Just imagine a man who dashes out the same kind of cars he drives to his friends. He buys his expensive cars in multiples. I have a friend who got a Range Rover, while his wife got another jeep. How nicer and kinder can one be? No amount of money is too much for Adenuga to shell out on his family and friends. And he really does not expect anything in return. If you have done him a favor, then you are truly triply (not doubly) blessed. Dr. Adenuga never forgets such favours and offers recompense even beyond your wildest dreams. He believes that his friends are entitled to the same kind of material things that he wishes for and buys for himself. He has no jealous or mean streak in him in that respect”.
Micheal Adeniyi Adenuga has certainly dispelled the popular Yoruba aphorism “Owo ko niran”- Money has no pedigree. Money certainly has pedigree if it is well tended. Culturally, the Oak tree is a symbol of strength.
Wishing Dr. Micheal Agbolade Adeniyi Ishola Adenuga further successes in his chosen and destined Journey of creating wealth for the benefits of mankind, on his 71st Birthday Anniversary.
Hon. (Barr.) Femi Kehinde, former Member, House of Representives, National Assembly, Abuja 1999-2003 representing Ayedire/Iwo/Olaoluwa Federal Constituency of Osun State. Principal Partner Femi Kehinde & Co (Solicitors).
Opinion
Banks’ Excess Profits Tax: Cause-Related Marketing to the Rescue?
By Magnus Onyibe
In response to the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) proposal for a 70% tax on the excessive profits banks made from naira devaluation in 2023 – profits which increased by at least 51% due to President Bola Tinubu’s economic reforms – there has been a noticeable rise in banks’ philanthropic activities.
The proposed excess profits tax, or windfall tax on foreign exchange gains, floated four months ago, appears to be part of the government’s strategy to address its declining revenue base. This is critical as the cost of governance continues to outpace income. For instance, Nigeria’s 2025 budget, totaling ₦49.7 trillion, relies on borrowing ₦13.08 trillion, while ₦15.33 trillion will be used to service the country’s enormous debt, which stands at an estimated ₦134.3 trillion. Only ₦34.82 trillion of the budget is expected to come from royalties and taxes.
To reduce the country’s dependence on borrowing, President Tinubu brought in Taiwo Oyedele, a former PwC West Africa tax head, to overhaul Nigeria’s outdated tax administration system, which the president has described as a relic of colonial times. Oyedele’s assignment, aimed at strengthening the system and generating more revenue, aligns with the government’s goal of improving infrastructure and services through increased fiscal resources has been welcome by most Nigerians who are looking forward to a better country with more robust infratructure which only more revenue can faciliate.
But there is a snag which is that some Nigerians are worried about the implications for the income accruing to their states from the federation account which they suspect will be reduced
The excess profits tax proposal seems to have been seen by the president’s tax reform committee, which includes private-sector experts, as a readily available source of additional revenue. Many of these experts, familiar with banks’ financial records through previous auditing roles, likely identified the windfall profits as an easy target.
While banks initially resisted the proposal, they were cautious not to do so too publicly. Prominent figures like Olisa Agbakoba, a former Nigerian Bar Association president, and Mustafa Chike-Obi, chairman of the Bank Directors Association of Nigeria (BIDAN), voiced criticism. However, the Chartered Institute of Taxation of Nigeria (CITN), led by its president Chief Segun Agbeluyi, supported the move.
Subsequently, United Bank for Africa (UBA) chairman Tony Elumelu and First City Monument Bank (FCMB) CEO Ladi Balogun engaged with the presidency in consultations. Their temperate and conciliatory approach during interviews, following the initial announcement of the tax, helped ease tensions between banks and their regulator, the CBN, shifting the debate away from public confrontation.
The issue of the proposed excess profits tax was eventually moved from public discussion to private negotiations in boardrooms. This stands in sharp contrast to the uproar triggered by the four tax reform bills introduced by the Taiwo Oyedele-led committee, which are currently being debated in the National Assembly (NASS). These bills propose significant reforms to Nigeria’s colonial-era tax system, as highlighted by President Tinubu in his first media address since assuming office on May 29, 2023.
Before the lawmakers went on their annual recess, the bills had sparked intense controversy, particularly among northern lawmakers who felt the proposed changes, especially to Value Added Tax (VAT), would disproportionately benefit the south. This contentious debate deepened the longstanding ethnic, religious, and regional divides between northern and southern legislators, overshadowing traditional party lines and amplifying non-partisan tensions.
As the situation edged toward a potential crisis, a truce was brokered at the Aso Rock Villa. Legislators were urged to set aside their disagreements and take more time to review the bills thoroughly, enabling them to suggest reasonable amendments. President Tinubu, in numerous public statements, expressed his willingness to incorporate these adjustments before the bills’ final passage.
The vigorous debate surrounding these tax reform bills raises questions about how much more contentious the removal of petrol subsidies might have been had it been subjected to a similar public debate. If the tax reforms have ignited such a high level of scrutiny, one can only imagine the political turmoil that might have ensued over discussions on petrol subsidies or the unification of the dual naira-foreign exchange window.
This is where a very thin line separates leaders from being democrats or monarchies. That is because if as democrats they allow extensive and unending debates on critical development issues, action will never be taken. But if they ram policies down the throats of legislators , such leaders would be adorned with the toga of dictatorship or as one who is monarchical.
Therein lies the dilema and a justification for the aphorism “ uneasy lies the head that wears the crown”
And it is at times like that, that Executive Orders which are easier ways of making laws while bypassing the legislators are viable options. But they are restrictive and tenous as they lack wide coverage and the longevity that are inherent in laws passed via a due legislative process.
However, President Tinubu appears to recognize the critical importance of timing in politics. With a limited four-year term, he seems determined to implement key reforms early to gain public confidence and lay the groundwork for potential re-election.
Returning to the matter of banks and the excess profits tax, it seems likely that a compromise was reached between the CBN and the banking sector, possibly facilitated by the Bankers’ Committee—a coalition of bank managing directors. This may explain why the excess profits tax has not yet been enforced, appearing instead to have been put on hold.
One of the driving forces behind the foreign exchange gains tax is the urgent need to generate revenue to sustain governance amidst soaring costs. This includes ₦15.81 trillion allocated to debt servicing, with the country’s debt estimated to have reached ₦77 trillion by the time the Tinubu administration assumed office. Expanding the tax base has thus become a necessity.
In this context, banks, under pressure to meet new capital base requirements of ₦500 billion for international operations and ₦200 billion for regional operations, may have directed the government’s tax authorities to explore the potential of taxing electronic transactions. This includes levying charges whenever Nigerians transfer or receive funds electronically in their bank accounts.
The recently introduced Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL) requires banks to deduct ₦50 on electronic transfers or receipts of ₦10,000 or more. With 231.1 million bank accounts in Nigeria as of July last year, the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) estimates that this levy could generate as much as ₦484 billion over three years. While this has the potential to be a significant revenue source for the government, it raises the question: will it come at the expense of already overburdened Nigerians?
Because the charges are relatively small—a minor percentage of the transaction amount—most bank account holders seem not to feel the pinch yet. This contrasts sharply with the public uproar that followed the removal of the petrol subsidy on May 29, 2023, which sent shockwaves through the economy. While the dust from the subsidy removal is gradually settling, the EMTL could create another source of tension between the government, banks, and the public. The question remains: is such friction unavoidable?
It appears banks are aware of the backlash before the tax that is currently in abeyance was imposed and the potential backlash of the EMTL when the banking public become conscious of it. In what seems to be an attempt to improve their public image and foster goodwill among customers, they have embarked on large-scale Cause Related Marketing (CRM) campaigns in past four (4) months or so. These efforts aim to balance corporate interests with public good, blending their business strategies with socially beneficial initiatives.
This is not the first time banks have faced criticism. When the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) proposed the excess profits tax on foreign exchange gains, I authored an article titled “Banks FX Gains Tax: How CSR Could Have Averted It”, published on August 13 last year. In the piece, I reflected on how proactive Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) measures might have softened the blow of public disapproval. For instance, banks had previously undertaken commendable initiatives, such as renovating the National Arts Theatre and contributing to the CACOVID initiative, which provided medical and economic relief during the pandemic.
During the public launch of my book, “Leading From The Streets: Media Interventions By A Public Intellectual 1999–2019”, three months ago, I highlighted the stark contrast between the significant profits banks were declaring and the struggles of other sectors and ordinary Nigerians. I suggested that banks could demonstrate their commitment to the greater good by waiving certain fees, such as charges for SMS alerts and printed statements. Such small gestures could go a long way in fostering goodwill and mitigating criticism.
“Corporate Nigeria demonstrated admirable resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Under the guidance of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), banks and major corporations, through the CACOVID initiative, provided essential support to Nigerians. This effort earned them public praise and bolstered confidence in their commitment to societal well-being.”
I shared this perspective on May 8, several months before the proposal to amend the 2023 Finance Act on July 17, which the Senate approved on July 23. Had bank executives heeded earlier advice to ease the financial burden on their customers, the FX gains tax—now a significant source of concern for them—might never have been introduced. It seems this realization prompted banks to intensify their Cause Related Marketing (CRM) efforts, aligning their brands with various social issues affecting vulnerable communities, whether they are customers or not.
Historically, Nigerian banks have been active in philanthropic initiatives. Available data shows that they have invested significantly in education, healthcare, economic empowerment, and environmental sustainability. For example:
• Education: First Bank of Nigeria established the First Bank Education Endowment Scheme to provide scholarships for undergraduates. Similarly, Zenith Bank launched the Zenith Bank Scholarship Scheme, and GTBank set up its own scholarship initiative to support university students.
• Healthcare: Access Bank initiated the Maternal Health Services Support (MHS) program to improve maternal healthcare, while the UBA Foundation created the UBA Health Initiative to deliver medical aid and health education to communities.
• Economic Empowerment: Stanbic IBTC introduced the Business Incubator Program to foster entrepreneurship and small business development. Fidelity Bank also rolled out the SME Financing Scheme to provide financial support to small and medium-sized enterprises.
• Environmental Sustainability: Ecobank developed the Forests for Life program to promote sustainable forest management and conservation.
Despite these longstanding Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) efforts, public perception of banks remains largely negative. This is partly because banks continue to generate massive profits during periods of widespread economic hardship, like in 2024, when firms were shutting down and individuals struggled due to the impact of socio-economic reforms.
Banks have increasingly realized that CSR alone is not enough to earn public trust. It’s not just about supporting communities but also about visibly engaging with them—a principle that CRM embodies. Unlike CSR, which encompasses broader goals like philanthropy, sustainability, and ethical practices, CRM is a targeted marketing strategy. It seeks to foster an emotional connection between the public and a brand by aligning with specific societal causes.
In light of the proposed tax, banks have shifted their focus from merely advertising their products to associating their brands with public causes. For example:
• UBA has expanded its educational support to include training for the visually impaired in the use of Braille, showcased through televised campaigns.
• Access Bank and Fidelity Bank have also reoriented their advertising strategies over the past four months to highlight their support for social causes rather than solely promoting products and services.
Hitherto the sponsoring of Fashion Week by Gtbank, Tech Week by Zenithbank and Marathan Race by Access bank annually in Lagos had been the most immersive experience of CSR involving those tier -1 banks with their publics.
But banks have learnt that by embedding their brands into social goodwill, they aim to improve their image and strengthen their relationship with the Nigerian public. However, time will tell if this goodwill can endure. The recently introduced Electronic Money Transfer Levy (EMTL), though currently unnoticed by many due to its modest charge of ₦50 per transaction, could soon spark public dissatisfaction. If this happens, banks might once again find themselves at odds with their customers, as was the case with the unpopular fees for SMS alerts.
As the conventional wisdom goes: ‘a stitch in time saves nine’
Magnus Onyibe, a public policy analyst, author, democracy advocate, development strategist, alumnus of the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Massachusetts, USA, and a former commissioner in the Delta State government, (2003-2007) sent this piece from Lagos, Nigeria.
To continue with this conversation and more, please visit www.magnum.ng.
Opinion
Justice Inbalance: The Judiciary’s Role in Life and Death Decisions
By Hezekiah Deboboye Olujobi
The judiciary holds a pivotal role in society, often described as the guardian of justice and the arbiter of disputes. However, the metaphor of the pen as both a tool that can save lives and one that can destroy them encapsulates the duality of judicial power. While judges have the authority to uphold justice and protect the innocent, there are instances where their decisions have led to grave miscarriages of justice, resulting in the wrongful conviction of individuals, some of whom have spent years, if not decades, on death row.
The Pen That Saves Lives
In an ideal scenario, the judiciary serves as a protector of the innocent and a mechanism for upholding the rule of law. Judges are tasked with interpreting the law fairly and impartially, ensuring that justice is served. When judges exercise their discretion with compassion and integrity, they can indeed save lives. For example, in cases where mitigating circumstances are considered, judges may opt for rehabilitation over punishment, allowing individuals to reintegrate into society and contribute positively. Additionally, in cases where defendants have spent years behind bars without concrete evidence except for a confessional statement, judges may consider granting the defendant a second chance.
The Pen That Destroys Lives
Conversely, there are numerous documented cases where judicial decisions have led to catastrophic outcomes for innocent individuals. The phenomenon of wrongful convictions is a stark reminder of the fallibility of the judicial system globally. Factors contributing to these injustices include inadequate legal representation, prosecutorial and police misconduct, reliance on unreliable witness testimony, and systemic biases.
Case Studies of Misjudgment
1. The Case of Olusola Adepetu
Background: Olusola Adepetu was wrongfully convicted of murder in Nigeria, a case that highlights the severe flaws in the judicial process. Adepetu was accused of killing a man based on circumstantial evidence and public sentiment rather than concrete proof.
Circumstances of Conviction: Adepetu’s conviction stemmed from a combination of public outcry and inadequate investigation. The prosecution relied heavily on witness testimonies that were influenced by community bias and fear rather than factual evidence. Despite having a competent legal defense, the trial was marred by procedural irregularities and a lack of due process.
Time on Death Row: Adepetu spent 22 years on death row in Kirikiri Maximum Security Prison, enduring the psychological and emotional toll of being labeled a murderer. His life was put on hold, and he faced the constant threat of execution. He was also subjected to the harsh realities of prison life, which included overcrowding, violence, and inadequate healthcare.
Appeals and Dissenting Judgment: After years of legal battles, Adepetu’s appeal to the Supreme Court was denied. However, a dissenting judgment from one of the justices pointed out that he had been denied a fair trial, which became a crucial piece of evidence in his fight for exoneration. This dissent highlighted the need for a thorough review of the evidence and the judicial process that led to his conviction.
Release and Aftermath: In 2016, after relentless advocacy from legal aid organizations and the Centre for Justice Mercy and Reconciliation, Adepetu was finally exonerated. His release was bittersweet; while he regained his freedom, he faced the daunting task of rebuilding his life after decades of wrongful imprisonment. The emotional scars and the impact on his family were profound, as his children had suffered educational setbacks and social stigma due to his wrongful conviction.
2. The Exoneration of Olaniyi Emiola
Background Olaniyi Emiola was wrongfully convicted of armed robbery in 2011, a case that underscores the dangers of relying on unreliable witness testimony.
Circumstances of Arrest: Emiola was accused by neighbors who believed he was involved in a robbery that occurred in their community. The accusation was based on hearsay and the mistaken belief that he was the perpetrator. Despite the lack of concrete evidence linking him to the crime, he was arrested and charged.
Trial and Conviction: During the trial, witnesses testified against Emiola, claiming they saw him at the scene of the crime. However, the real perpetrator, who was later apprehended for another crime, admitted to the jury that he had committed the robbery and did not know Emiola. Despite this, Emiola was convicted and sentenced to death, highlighting the failures of the judicial system to adequately assess the credibility of witness testimonies.
Time on Death Row: Emiola spent 17 years on death row, enduring the psychological trauma of living under the constant threat of execution. His family faced significant hardships during this time, as they struggled with the stigma of having a family member on death row and the financial burdens associated with legal fees and prison visits.
Exoneration: In 2011, after persistent advocacy and the revelation of new evidence, including confessions from the real culprits, Emiola was exonerated. His release was a moment of triumph, but it came with the realization that his life had been irrevocably altered. His wives had left him, and his children had grown up without their father, facing their own challenges as a result of his wrongful conviction.
3. The Case of Kareem Olatinwo and Others
Background: Kareem Olatinwo, an elderly man, was wrongfully convicted of armed robbery along with his son and two laborers. This case illustrates the complexities of witness testimony and the influence of external factors, such as land disputes, on judicial outcomes.
Circumstances of Arrest: Olatinwo and his co-defendants were accused of robbing a property where they were actually the victims. The case was heavily influenced by dubious witness testimonies and a lack of concrete evidence linking them to the crime. The motive for their arrest was suspected to be related to a land dispute, which complicated the judicial proceedings.
Trial and Conviction: The trial was characterized by a lack of rigorous scrutiny of the evidence presented. Olatinwo’s past criminal record was used against him, despite the absence of any direct evidence linking him to the robbery. The prosecution relied on testimonies from individuals who had their own motives for testifying against Olatinwo and his son.
Time in Prison: Olatinwo and his son were sentenced to death in 2001. Olatinwo’s health deteriorated during his time in prison, and he ultimately died while still incarcerated in 2015. His son and the two laborers remained on death row, facing the psychological and emotional toll of wrongful imprisonment.
Appeals and Release: After years of advocacy, the appeals for the two laborers succeeded in 2014, leading to their release. The legal team used the reasoning from the Court of Appeal, which expressed doubts about the credibility of the witnesses. In 2021, Olatinwo’s son was also released after a lengthy battle, but the case raised critical questions about the reliability of witness testimony and the responsibility of judges to ensure fair trials.
Conclusion
These case studies illustrate the profound impact of wrongful convictions on individuals, families, and society as a whole. They highlight the need for reforms in the judicial system, including better training for judges, improved legal representation for defendants, and mechanisms for reviewing wrongful convictions. The emotional, psychological, and social ramifications of these injustices are far-reaching, emphasizing the importance of a fair and transparent judicial process. The stories of Olusola Adepetu, Olaniyi Emiola, and Kareem Olatinwo serve as powerful reminders of the human cost of judicial errors and the urgent need for reform.
Centre for Justice Mercy and Reconciliation
The **Centre for Justice Mercy and Reconciliation** is a grassroots organization dedicated to advocating for victims of wrongful convictions and illegal detention in Nigeria’s custodial centers. With a remarkable track record of achievements, our organization works tirelessly to provide legal assistance, raise awareness about the issues of wrongful convictions, and support the reintegration of exonerated individuals into society.
Through our efforts, the Centre has been instrumental in highlighting the flaws within the judicial system and pushing for necessary reforms. We engage in community outreach, legal advocacy, and collaboration with other organizations to ensure that justice is served and that the rights of the wrongfully convicted are upheld.
By advocating for those who have been wrongfully convicted, the Centre for Justice Mercy and Reconciliation plays a crucial role in restoring hope and dignity to individuals and families affected by judicial errors, striving to ensure that the judiciary serves as a true protector of the innocent and a pillar of justice in society.
For more details about our work and initiatives, you can visit our website at [www.cjmr.com.ng](http://www.cjmr.com.ng). We also welcome partnerships and support from individuals and organizations committed to justice and human rights. For inquiries, you can contact us at +2348030488093 or +2348025782527.
Opinion
Between J.I.C. Taylor and Contemporary Justice
By Hon Femi Kehinde
There was an interesting anecdote about a group of failed business entrepreneurs who at a meeting to formally dissolve and disengage with their business as a result of the current economy tide, resolved to move into another line of business. One of them instantly suggested that they setup an High Court where they would be selling and granting injunctions through Ex-parte applications at an exorbitant fees. Perhaps to recoup their huge loss. Funny though as it may sound and naively too, it epitomizes a public perception of the Judiciary and perhaps our entire legal system.
It is certainly impossible for a private person to set up a Court, be it inferior or superior Courts of Record. Section 6 of the Nigerian Constitution, certainly abhors their cynical thoughts.
In 1962, Chief Samuel Ladoke Akintola took the matter of his removal as Premier of the Western Region to the High Court under Justice Quarshee-Idun, a Ghanaian, then as the Chief Judge of the Western Region, who rather than listen to the matter and throw the Western Region into further crisis, sent it to the Federal Supreme court for the interpretation of Section 33 (10) of the Western Region Constitution. The Federal Supreme Court interpreted the Section in favor of Akintola and declared his removal null and void.
This piece is certainly dedicated to a Judicial Icon of that era – Justice J.I.C Taylor as a sweet memorabilia.
In Nigeria legal folklore, the name ‘J.I.C’ (John Idowu Conrad) Taylor will ever remain ever green like a constant star, in our juridical firmament.
J.I.C was the fourth child of Eusebius James Alexander Taylor, a famous and successful lawyer, a nationalist who was then referred to as the “Cock of the Bar”, and whose family house was at No. 5 Victoria Street, Lagos, very close to Tinubu Square, which in the Lagos of early days was referred to as the most important street in Lagos – “Ehin Igbeti” or the bulwark of Lagos, but now known as Nnamdi Azikiwe street.
J.I.C’s mother, was Remilekun Alice Taylor (Nee Williams) and was thus, a first cousin, through his mother, to the Late Chief F.R.A Williams, another legal titan and contemporary at the Bar.
J.I.C was born, on the 27th of August, 1917 and died on the 7th of November, 1973 at the age of 56 Years. Within this short span, J.I.C lived a worthy, glorious and exemplary life, that would still remain unmatched and unparalleled in Nigeria’s history of incorruptibility at the bench, judicial independence, strict interpretation of the law, restraint, courage, uncommon judicial boldness and untainted integrity.
J.I.C Taylor, had his early education at the Methodist Boys High School Lagos, before being sent to England by his father, to complete his Secondary School Education at the Culford School, Bury Saint Edmunds, at Suffolk. He thereafter, proceeded to King’s College England in 1936 to read Law, before transferring to Brasenose College, Oxford in 1937, where he made a Second-Class Degree in Jurisprudence. He was subsequently called to the Bar at the middle Temple on the 14th of January, 1941.
Within a space of 15 years, J.I.C Taylor had become one of the great Legal luminaries at the Nigerian Bar, and was prominent in the ranks of Bode Thomas, F.R.A Williams and Fani Kayode, who had formed a law partnership of Thomas, Williams, Fani Kayode & Co (Solicitors), S.L.A Akintola, Chief Chris Ogunbanjo, Michael Odesanya, who had also formed a partnership of Samuel, Chris & Michael (Solicitors) in 1952.
Obafemi Awolowo had also in Ibadan, around this period, formed a law Partnership with Chief Abiodun Akerele, then known as Awolowo, Akerele & Co (Solicitors) in Oke-Ado, Ibadan. In Law practice, Obafemi Awolowo was described then as a terrible cross-examiner.
J.I.C in law practice, was a very resourceful lawyer of impeccable integrity. He was extremely knowledgeable in law and was a delightful personality at the Nigerian Bar. He was blessed with a great command of English Language, which is the potent tool of the legal profession and very eloquent with a diction that was impeccable. He was not given to frivolities or undignified practice.
Like his father, Eusebius, he had a weakness. He was easily provoked and tended therefore to lose control in court whenever he was angry. The Late Chief F.R.A Williams in advocacy with Taylor was always happy to take advantage of this weakness. The Late Fani Kayode too, though a friend to J.I.C, had also taken advantage of this weakness, whilst appearing with J.I.C in some instances, but nevertheless, admitted that he was a meticulous and dogged advocate.
J.I.C Taylor as a seminal figure at the Nigerian Bar had appeared in many “causes celebres” – celebrated cases that have gone down in our legal jurisprudence, as hallmarks. These cases, includes the case of King’s College students, who had demonstrated during the Second World War against the colonial authorities on account of poor administration of their school and also appeared in the Sedition Trial of the Editors to the Daily Commet and the West African Pilot of Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, the Sedition Trial of Anthony Enahoro of 1947, the case of Prince Adeyinka Oyekan and Others and Oba Adeniyi Adele in 1952, in which the ownership and legal status of the “Iga Idunganran”, which was the traditional residence of the Oba of Lagos was in question.
He also appeared in the case of Dr. Okechukwu Ikejiani and the African Press Ltd, (publishers of The Tribune Newspaper) In 1953, Zik Enterprises Ltd (Publishers of the West African Pilot) and Others V. The Hon. Obafemi Awolowo in 1955. By way of a little digress, Dr. Okechukwu Ikejiani who was in 1960 made the Chairman, Nigerian Railway Corporation, had earlier been member, Board of the Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) and Nigerian Coal Corporation, Enugu (NCC) and was also made Pro Chancellor and chairman of the Governing Council of the University of Ibadan. He was then, a close confidant to the Late Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe and was resident in Ibadan. He had earlier been accused of unbridled nepotism in the appointment of people to the Nigerian Railway Corporation.
Dr. Okechukwu Ikejiani, was a lover of cars and was noted to have had on his stable a car known as “Thunderbird”, perhaps the best of his time, on the streets of Ibadan. He admitted at the Adefarasin Panel, on the affairs of the Nigerian Railway Corporation, late in 1966, that – “I love cars”.
In 1956, at the age of 39, J.I.C Taylor was appointed a Judge of the High Court of the Western Region. In 1960, he was elevated to the Supreme Court and he descended from the Court in 1964 to become the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Federal Territory of Lagos.
When Lagos state was created in 1967 and Brigadier Mobalaji Johnson became its Military Governor, J.I.C Taylor became its first Chief Justice. Whilst in office as the Chief Justice of Lagos State, an incident happened, which stood him out as a very bold, courageous and independent judge. J.I.C Taylor, then Chief Justice of Lagos State, had been invited to a State dinner by the Military Governor of the State- Brigadier Mobolaji Johnson and the invitation was brought by one of the Governor’s aides. Justice Taylor, after reading it, endorsed a brief note to the governor at the back of the invitation card, informing him that he would be unable to attend, because the Lagos State government had several cases pending before him and it would therefore, in the circumstances be most inappropriate for him to honour the invitation. That simple (unprecedented though) act of judicial boldness and courage, best captures the essence of the man- as a man among men, and a judicial icon and oracle.
Perhaps, in other climes, this feat could only have been surpassed, by the great Alfred Thompson Denning- commonly known as Lord Denning, who was an English Lawyer and Judge, with degrees in Mathematics (First Class) and Law in 1920 and 1922 respectively at the Oxford University. He had also, like J.I.C Taylor, descended from the House of Lords, to return to the Court of Appeal, as Master of the Rolls in 1962, a position he held for 20 years. In Denning’s 38 year career as a Judge, he was known as the people’s judge, a judicial activist and a man with a great penchant for justice. Denning in an instance had once said- “unlike my brother Judge here, who is concerned with the Law, I am concerned with Justice.” He died on the 5th of March, 1999, at the ripe old age of 100 years, at the Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester, England.
Another true essence of J.I.C Taylor was displayed when he was made the Pro Chancellor of the University of Lagos, while still serving as the Chief Justice of Lagos State. J.I.C as the Chairman of the Governing Board of the University of Lagos was a hard nut to crack, with a huge principle and unsurpassed integrity. Other members of the Governing Council were Col. (now Maj. General Rtd) Olufemi Olutoye, and now Oba of Ido Ani, in Ondo State, (the Military Member), Mr. (now Chief) S. Ade John (Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Education,) Mallam Nuhu Bayero, Professors- F.O Dosekun, O.J Fagbemi, C.O. Taiwo, A.B Aderibigbe, A. Akinsanya and Mrs. B. Olumide.
According to Professor Saburi Biobaku, then as Vice Chancellor of the University had said of J.I.C- “attending council meetings of those days before the resignation was like going into a battle field” but described him however, “as a brilliant lawyer, a forthright judge, a strict disciplinarian and a stickler for procedure.” As Vice Chancellor, he briefed the then Pro-Chancellor once every week, but would rather wait for him at the office of Mr. R.A Bakare, the then Registrar of the Lagos State High Court, for the briefings. Nobody visits him in chambers.
J.I.C Taylor at the Council meeting of the Governing Council of the University of Lagos, on the 20th of September 1970 tendered his resignation as the Chairman of the Council, due to some inappropriateness, bothering on the interpretation of procedure, with regards to the appointment of persons in the University and ruled that his resignation should not be discussed.
As a judicial conservative, J.I.C Taylor believed in the principle of “lex lata” i.e. what is the strict interpretation of the law, rather than “de lege ferenda”, i.e. what the law ought to be, with a view, to be future law.
Despite a stern and principled life that bordered on asceticism, J.I.C was a sociable, principled, highly urbane, unassuming and cultivated man. Even though reserved and would rather prefer the company of a few select friends, he was a great sportsman and was prominent in the game of cricket between 1947 and 1949. He was a motor racing enthusiast and had a high collection of motor racing cars, including an “Aston Maria”. He was a very skilled ball room dancer and a lover of Juju music of the Late Akanbi Wright, alias Akanbi Ege, I.K Dairo, Adeolu Akinsanya alias Baba Eto and latter day Juju exponents- Ebenezer Obey and King Sunny Ade. J.I.C so much loved the music of Akanbi Ege, that he in fact financially supported him.
In the late 1950s, his only son was struck down by Polio. He was so much affected by this, according to the Late Fatai Williams, a one time Chief Justice of Nigeria, that- “he visited the boy who was then, no more than a toddler, everyday at the University College Hospital in Ibadan. Eventually, he became a recluse and hardly went anywhere”. J.I.C breathed his last to join the saints triumphants on the 7th of November, 1973 at the age of 56 years, while still serving as the Chief Justice of Lagos State.
In this season of anomie, this period of judicial mudslinging and irreverence, where are the likes of Justice John Idowu Conrad Taylor, Justice Kayode Eso, Justice Andrew Otutu Obaseki, Justice Bolarinwa Oyegoke Babalakin, that was a stickler for time, Justice Chukwudifu Oputa, Justice Teslim Olawale Elias, Justice Namman Nasir, Justice Sir Darnley (Omowale ) Alexandra – the Jamaican born Nigerian Chief Justice of the Federation, Justice Idigbe, Justice E.O Morgan, E.A Coker, Fatai Williams, Olumuyiwa Jibowu, J.A Kester, S.O Lambo, Louis Mbanefo, Adetokunbo Ademola, Udo Udoma, Quarshie- Idun- a Ghanaian Chief Justice of the Western Region and a host of other eminent jurists, who had contributed immensely to the development of Nigerian Case Law and jurisprudence, by adapting very admirably the principles of English common law to the Nigerian environment? Uniquely too, Justice Mamman Nasir, elevated to the Supreme Court in 1975, had also descended from the Court in 1978, to become the President of the Court of Appeal until 1992, when he retired.
J.I.C had set a very high ethical standard on the administration of Justice in Nigeria and greatly inspired many Nigerian Lawyers and Judges, who will not be found with the filthy lucre of unexplainable and ill-gotten wealth. The question had always been- where are these ethical standards of the olden days of J.I.C.?
As a parting epitaph on his passage, the then Head of State and Commander in Chief of the Armed forces of Nigeria- General Yakubu Gowon, in November, 1973, had described J.I.C in the following sweet terms- “In an age in which corruption, intrigues, backstabbing and the love of office and power are fast becoming virtues, Justice Taylor stood out from the crowd, with a detachment that has brought immense dignity to the high office of judge”
What a very apt epithet, to our contemporary Justice System and executive lawlessness, as was beautifully decried in the popular case of Ojukwu V. Lagos State Government.
J.I.C Taylor, may your soul continue to Rest in Peace.
Hon. (Barr.) Femi Kehinde. MHR
Legal practitioner and former member House of Representatives, National Assembly, Abuja 1999 – 2003, representing Ayedire/Iwo/Olaoluwa Federal Constituency of Osun State.
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