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Tempremental Labour Leaders and Teachable Moments in Minimum Wage Negotiations

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By Magnus Onyibe

All gloves seem to be off as organized labor leaders decided to unbraid Senator George Akume, Secretary to the Government of the Federation, SGF and leader of government’s team negotiating the minimum wage crisis with the organized labor leaders after they practically shut down our country last monday, 3rd June.

As the verbal exchange between the leaders of labor and government rages on and Nigerians are lapping up all the drama, what seems to have been lost on the nation is the gravity of and dire consequences of shutting down the national grid by the obviously enraged and therefore rampaging labor activists that were intent on bringing government down to its knees via a forced lock-down.

Has anyone considered a scenario whereby those that forcefully took control of critical and sensitive assets of our country are non state actors who have taken up arms against our country?

Think of a scenario whereby those that switched off our electricity grid were religious insurgents-Boko Haram, ISWAP that are holding sway in the northern region or sovereign state agitators like IPOB, ECN in the eastern flanks and Oodua Peoples Congress in the south west axis of our country or environmental rights activists like Niger Delta militants in the treasure trove of Nigeria?

Our country got very close to that apocalystic situation on 3rd June when organized labor embarked on industrial action to enforce their demand for minimum wage increase.

At the risk of being tagged an alarmist , the scenario described above is one of the teachable moments for me in the minimum wage increase agitation by the organized labor pitched against the federal government that is making frantic efforts to manage the crisis for an equitable solution.

To put things in perspective, it is apropos that we reflect on the aetiology of the minimum wage crisis.

The first to literally draw blood in the war of words was the SGF, Senator Akume whose verbal umbrage was triggered by the reported loss of some lives in hospitals country wide when labor activists forced their way into the national electricity grid to switch off power supply nationwide. That resulted in reported loss of lives of sick people that were on life support gadgets in hospitals, even as medical doctors that could have helped save lives were stopped from going into the hospitals to attend to patients. Ideally when strikes are called , those on essential duties are not prevented from working.

It is believed that the rampaging labor activists enforcing the industrial action that was called by the organized labor in Nigeria to force the hands of goverment to increase minimum wage from N30,000 to N500,000, which was the intial demand, but currently scaled down to N250,000, did cause avoidable loss of not only income,but the shut down resulted in loss of lives.

Although looses are still be counted, the two days shut down of our country stretched from the bureacracy to market/economic space all the way down to the airspace such as airports that were also shut down by the labor activists who were bent on causing massive disruption of the magnitude that would shake government.

Obviously, unbemused about the catatrosphic consequences of the strike action that resulted in a practical lock down of our country for at least 48 hours , the SGF accused labor leaders of economic sabotage and characterized their crime as treasonble felony.

The SGF, Senator Akume, reportedly expressed his displeasure when the executives from the National Council of Christian Association of Nigeria,CAN visited him last thursday, June 6.

Below is how an obviously piqued SGF expressed his displeasure:

“Nowhere in the world has labour ever tampered with the national grid. It is treason! Treasonable felony is economic sabotage; you don’t do that.

“We are trying to rebuild the economy. The president is picking it up, and they want to destroy it. Of what use is that to all of us? That is not the way.”
He concluded by saying:

“It is not that we are not working. We are working, and that is why we implemented the N35,000 wage, which is more than the minimum wage,” he said.

“There are buses ready to be distributed, and soon, rice and other essentials will be available.”

Not taking the SGF’s umbraiding lying low, the leaders of organized labor have gone ballistic by pushing back via their mocking of the SGF by alleging that politicians , which is the ‘tribe’ that the SGF belongs are the real ecomomic saboteurs:

“The SGF we are sure clearly knows those whose actions are treasonable and sabotages our economy. Those who loot our treasury around the country, those who divert public resources meant for hospitals and schools; those who are involved in foreign exchange roundtripping; padding of budgets and inflating contracts including those who steal trillions of naira in the name of subsidy are the real economic saboteurs who commit treasonable felony.

“These people are in costly agbada and drive in convoys all around the nation occupying the corridors of power and not innocent workers who are not slaves but chose to withdraw their services because of the inhuman treatment meted on them by the government”.

The thirty six (36) state governors that are leading the components of the country at the subnational level, all of which together constitute Nigerian nation, who felt like , to borrow a popular local cliche, that their hair was being shaven behind their back; in the sense that a national minimum wage which would be binding on them to pay workers at the state level was being discussed and decided without their input, had to join the fray.

In their statement they expressed the following concern:

“The Nigeria Governors’ Forum is in agreement that a new minimum wage is due. The Forum also sympathises with labour unions in their push for higher wages.

“However, the Forum urges all parties to consider the fact that the minimum wage negotiations also involve consequential adjustments across all cadres, including pensioners. The NGF cautions parties in this important discussion to look beyond just signing a document for the sake of it; any agreement to be signed should be sustainable and realistic.

“All things considered, the NGF holds that the N60,000 minimum wage proposal is not sustainable and can not fly. It will simply mean that many states will spend all their FAAC allocations on just paying salaries with nothing left for development purposes. In fact, a few states will end up borrowing to pay workers every month. We do not think this will be in the collective interest of the country, including workers.”

Expectedly, the governors have also become targets of the fiery darts and missiles of the angry labor unions.
They wrote:-

“We do believe that governors have acted in bad faith.lt is unheard of for such a statement to be issued to the world in the middle of an ongoing negotiation. It is certainly in bad taste.

“As for the veracity of their claim, nothing can be further from the truth as FAAC allocations have since moved from N700 billion to N1.2 trillion( thanks to subsidy petrol and naira subsidy removal by president Tinubu) making the governments extremely rich at the expense of the people.”
Furthermore they bellowed:

“We are not fixated with figures but value.
Those who argue that moving national minumum wage from N30,000 to N60,000 is sufficiently good enough miss the point.”

As the popular aphorism goes ‘a hungry man, is an angry man’.

There is no arguement about the fact that Nigerian workers have been negatively impacted by the reform initiatives of the incumbent administration.

Even President Tinubu acknowledges that fact, hence he provided an interim remedial measure, which is the Federal Government award of N35,000 (strangely it is not being talked about very much ) as extra bonus on the N30,000 minumum wage to workers pending when the amount to replace the one that has recently expired, is agreed upon.

All over the world, labor union leaders have the reputation of being feisty,fiery and ferocious.

For instance, in the United States of America, USA, the highly influential and powerful United Auto Workers , UAW have been known to engage politicians in hot exchange of words when demanding for wage increase.

The last showdown between UAW and their employers was in 2023 when they were demanding for 40% wage increase. Owing to the fact that the union is very influential and pack a significant voting punch, the current President of the US, Mr Joe Biden joined them in the picket lines and backed their agitation for pay increase.

Unlike in the US where the private sector is often the largest employer of labor , in Nigeria, government is the highest employer of labor, so strike actions are often taken against the private sector employers of labor which is a tell tale sign of the abysmal level of industrialization in our country.

In the United Kingdom, UK, Baroness Margaret Thatcher, who Britons aptly tagged the Iron Lady owing to how she was able to tame the very vocal and influential labor unions, that could significantly influence the outcomes of political parties elections and as they were holding British politicians to a ransome, was hounded until her passage on 8th April 2013 and she was even disrespected by labor activists during her funeral.

From the narrative above, labor activists all over the world are known to be impetulent and tempestous.

Having put things in context, to give readers the opportunity to make a fair assessment of the crisis triggered by the negotiqtion for a new minimum wage characterized by hot verbal exchanges between the SGF and organized labor currently happening in Nigeria: and the carpeting of governors by labor leaders, after the governors forum reminded the negotiators that state governments may not be able to pay the wage being demanded; let us examine the veracity of the accusation leveled by the SGF against the labor leaders that they have committed treasonable felony by switching off the national electricity grid which he pointed out as having not been done anywhere in the world.

On the other hand, what also needs to be tested for veracity by being put in the crucible of truth are the charges against politicians at both federal and sub national levels by the labor leaders who are claiming that they did no wrong by plunging the nation into total darkness to drive home their demand for increase in minimum wage for workers and then accussed politicians of being the real economic saboteurs.

So, l posed the question of whether the switching off of electricity from the national grid was a treasonable felony using Artificial Intelligence, AI tool, and below is the response:

“Labor unions do not have the right to switch off the national electricity grid as a form of strike protest. While labor unions have the right to peaceful strike actions, sabotaging or tampering with critical infrastructure like the national electricity grid is illegal and potentially dangerous.

Such actions could lead to serious consequences, including:

– Endangering public safety
– Causing widespread economic disruption
– Damaging equipment and infrastructure
– Violating labor laws and regulations

Instead, labor unions typically engage in peaceful strike actions like:

– Work stoppages
– Picketing
– Rallies
– Negotiations

Unions may also explore other creative and lawful tactics to draw attention to their demands, like social media campaigns or public outreach efforts.”

In light of the forgoing, the SGF is right in his allegation that organized labor might have committed treasonable felony by switching off the national electricity grid because it has had grave consequences on the economy of Nigeria and lives of Nigerians.

Given the reality above, should the ongoing negotiation between governmemt led by a justifiably miffed SGF and labor leaders fail to attain success before the expiration of the one week period of forbearance granted by organized labor when it suspended the strike for one week which ends tuesday 12, June 2024; in order to prevent a re-occurence of the treasonable felony offenses that occured on 3rd June, should government not take steps to protect our critical assests like the national electricity grid, telephone networks, water reservoirs, airports and sea ports amongst many other such critical infrastructure to make them as impregnable as fortknox to protect them from being easily breached as had happened on 3rd June?

The second teachable moment from the minimum wage negotiation to me is whether the labor leaders are correct in labeling politicians as the ‘real’ saboteurs when they made the statement.

As l have always advocated, and in alignment with the title of my column which is also what l titled my latest book: “Leading From The Streets”, mass media platforms are sort of public opionon courts where everyone is free to act as litigants and appellants, as the case may be.

Put succinctly,we all have the right to present our cases in the courts of public opinion as lawyers do in courts of law.
After pleading our case, it is left for the people of Nigeria, particularly those leading from the streets to make the decision in the way that judges do in law courts.

That is one way in which we will be putting the masses who are Leading From The Streets in the centre-point of leadership.

Ideally,that is the way it is supposed to be as it would be in consonnance with the tenets of and in alignment with the definition of democracy which is: government of the people, by the people and for the people.

Arising from the above, and in the spirit of putting leadership in the hands of the people, it is only proper that we scrutinize the allegation by labor leaders that politicians are the ‘real’ economic saboteurs.

Going by the fact that Mr Ahmed Idris ,a suspended Accountant General of the Federation who is a public servant and not politician was arrested and araigned by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, EFCC for allegedly stealing a whooping N109 billion naira from government treasury between February and december 2021, the allegation against politicians is rendered spurious. That is because the claim by labor leaders that politicians are the ‘real’ economic saboteurs is disputable.

One is also curious to know if our labor leaders are also implying that civil servants are the ‘fake’ saboteurs, if politicians are the ‘real’ saboteurs ?

Before Ahmed Idris, another Accountant General of the Federation that Idris suceeded in office is Mr Jonah Otunla.
He is another civil servant, not a politician who served as Accountant General of the Federation between 2011 and 2015 and was also alleged to have stolen about N26 billion from federal government treasury.
But he refunded about N6.3 billion after being arrested by the EFCC and he has been in court trying to make a case that having made a refund of some of the looted funds,he has been discharged of all criminal and civil liabilities.

How about Abdulrasheed Maina, that was a public servant heading the defunt pension reform department of government?
He was given the mandate to sanitize the pension fund space that had become a cesspit of corruption but he relooted what he had recovered from looters and was convicted in november 2021 for stealing 2 billion naira belonging to pensioners after a two-year trial.

As adumbrated by one Sanusi Muhammad who in a piece published in Trojan News of 3rd december 2023, wherein he identified a litany of acts of economic sabotage via financial corruption perpetrated,not only by politicians,but also by civil servants,it is clear that civil servants are not absolved from being economic saboteurs.

In fact from available records, civil servants are as culpable as politicians that they are pointing their fingers at.

So, is this a case of the kettle calling the pot black?

In any case, is it not telling that the indicted and convicted civil servants highligted earlier are members of the ‘tribe’ of the organized labor comprising of the umbrella body of civil servants-the Nigeria Labor Congress ,NLC and Trade Union Congress,TUC headed by Joe Ajaero and Festus Osifo who have been voiceferous in tagging politicians at both national and subnational levels as economic saboteurs?

It is trite, but it is worth recalling the fact that the indicted and convicted civil servants are actually colleagues of the labor leaders that are expressing righteous indignation.

The truth and sad reality is that we are all swimming in the cesspool of corruption that equates with economic sabotage, so there is no need expressing righteuors indignation of only condemning corruption when agitating for pay rise.

How about our labor leaders becoming more innovative by creating anti corruption vanguards/squads in government institutions to nip the crime in the bud?
As the conventional wisdom goes.
‘Corruption steals from us all’.

Is it not hypocritical that the Institutions listed below and managed by civil servants are ridden with corruption?

They range from the Niger Delta Development Commission , NDDC, Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund, NSTIF, to Universal Basic Education Commission, UBEC and Nigerian National Petroleun Company, NNPC, Niger Delta Amnesty Funds, as well as the Central Bank of Nigeria, CBN.

It is dishonorable that all of the public agencies listed above have been associated with humungous fraud in the past several years.

Let it be reiterated that they are being led by public/civil servants who have been engaging in economic sabotage.
These are crimes which they try to cover up by making incredulous claims such as termites eating up invoices and snakes swallowing missing funds.

Again, is it not rather hypocritical that there is no evidence that labor leaders reprimanded , condemned how much more sanctioned in any shape or form the referenced economic saboteurs within their ranks that have been indicted or convicted?
Yet they are lambasting politicians for rejecting their initial scandalous demand for N500,000 as minimum wage for workers instead of focusing more on how the currently very low productivity base in our country could be boosted through investements in infrastructure such as electricity energy generating projects like Geometric Power providing electricity solution in Aba,Abia state, Innoson Vehicles Manufacturer in Nnewi , Anambra state as well as Dangote refinery in Lekki, Lagos etc, to facilitate industrialization of our country that woud led to the creation of more jobs and prosperity for workers.

To be clear, one is not holding brief for the members of the political class, or in any way trying to absolve them of their culpabilty in corrupt practices that expose our dear native land to economic sabotage. But l am simply drawing attention to the fact that the allegations by labor leaders that politicians are the ‘real’ saboteurs is spurious and malicious because it is a case of the kettle calling the pot black.

In my view, the vitriolic exchanges are unhelpful and mischevious and at best diversionary.

Instead of chasing the shadows which the grandstanding by organized labor amounts to, they should invest more energy in identifying and addressing the primary cause/causses of the spike in the cost of living of which one of them is food insecurity and the other is due to ongoing economic reforms.

That brings me to the 3rd teachable moment which revolves around the law governing national minimum wage negotiations.
It would need to be reviewed because as it currently stands it negates the spirit and letter of true federalism since it empowers the federal government to pass national minimum wage, precluding state governments from fixing their minimum wage based on the resources available in the economy to support low or high wage.
For instance, would it not be foolhardy for Lagos state that earns Internally Generated Revenue , IGR in excess of N260 billion annually pay the same minimum wage to workers in Zamfara, Ekiti or Ebonyi states with little or no economic activities from which revenue could be derived as tax?

Obviously the high cost of living in Lagos ( food, housing ,transportation etc) which is the economic heart beat of Nigeria, can not be compared to that of people living in the aforementioned states in the hinterlands of Nigeria which are rural with much lower costs. So it would be understandable if the workers there are paid less. Is uniform minimum wage nationwide not an aberration of autonomy which defines true federalism?

For instance, would US law makers pass a law that the minimum wage in the highly industrialized and populous states of California and New York should be the same paid to workers workers in less urbanized states such as Mississippi, Lousiana or New Mexico?

The resounding answer is no!
That is because since the size of their economes are much smaller and weak, they would not find the funds to pay salaries as high as workers are paid in California and New York states that have robust economic bases.

A similar comparism can be made locally between Lagos, Rivers, Akwa lbom,Delta and Ogun states that are financially bouyant versus, Ekiti, Zamfara and Ebonyi states that are barely surviving on the lean revenue from FAAC, as they generate little or no revenue internally.

Clearly, fixing a national minimum wage that is binding on all the component states that constitute Nigeria would vitiate the concept of autonomy that is the underguarding principle of democracy and which would contradict the concept and practice of true federalism which is central to the practice of presidential system of government that is in operation in our country.

Arising from the above, the national mininum wage provision in section 4 of the 1999 constition of Nigeria would appear to be an aberration or a contradition of the concept and practice of true federalism which our nation prides herself as practicing.

As such,that provision for fixing a national minimum wage in section 4 of the 1999 constitution would need to be revisited with a view to tweaking or expunging it to reflect the dynamics of autonomy intrinsinc in the practice of true federalism as it obtains in the US from where we borrowed the presidential system.

There are several other teachable moments that one has gleaned from the ongoing minimum wage umpasse that my good friend Segun Adeniyi , the editorial board chairman of Thisday newspaper has titled: “Minimum Wage and Maximum Rage” in his column last week,but time and space would not permit my laying all of them out in this piece.

Be that as it may, inflation in Nigeria, especially of the food hue has hit an all time high which is in excess of 40%.

Obviously the N30,000 minimum wage plus the N35,000 hardship/bonus pay introduced by President Tinubu to cushion the negative fall out of the ongoing socio-economic reforms has not been good enough antidote to the current galloping inflation.

What elementary economics teaches us is that inflation sets in when a lot of money is chasing few goods.

Bearing that in mind, what needs to be done, in my humble opinion is increase the productive/production base of our economy.
Of course one is aware of dollar scarcity and exit of some multinational mamufacturing firms with low capital threshold from our country.

So, one is not being too bullish about improvements in manufactured products being abundant until the volatility in the financial sector particularly with reepect to foreign exchange rate and crude oil sales are better managed.

But targeting food inflation that has been skybound,it appears to me that one of the ways to tackle the hardship being experienced by workers would be to boost food security which is currently like a mirrage in light of the high level of insecuriy driven by non state actors-religious insurgents, bandits and separatists/ soveriegn state agitators that have heightened insecurity and made made farming either as a profession or vocation very difficult,if not impossible.

Since professional farming is currently highly risky in light of how Boko Haram, a couple of years ago gruesomely beheaded some farmers in Sokoto state who defiled their order not to go to farm, vocational farming in gardens around the homes of workers remains a good option to augument food supply that is fast drying up.
Therefore, a pertinent question to ask is: are our labor leaders considering a solution to the hardships from the prism highlighted above?

Why must money or wage increase be the only optics from which solution to current hardships is being considered?

Are our labor leaders not aware that even if the N250,000 minimum wage that they are agitating for is agreed,in less than 3 months, all things being equal, inflation would catch up with the wage increase even if it is as high as the N500,000 that is their original demand?

My humble counsel would be that workers should weigh all the options available and find a middle ground,even as l urge them to regard government as partners in progress not adversaries as evidenced by the barbs that they are currently being traded with government functionaries, including those in the two branches-executive and legislative.

Even government afficionados at both national and subnational levels have not escaped the tongue lashing by organized labor operatives, which is unfortunate because it is making our beloved country look like a theatre of the absurd to onlookers,both locally and internationally.

How antagonizing the negotiators and excalating the crisis would bring succur to the workers bearing the brunt remains unfathomable to me.

On the part of government , restoring security by reining in the outlaws that are putting lives at risk and making farming difficult, if not imposible should be priotized.

One is assuming that President Tinubu is on top of how to resolve the intolerable insecurity issues in our country, and positive result is yet to manifest in that sector, probably because he is rejiging the nation’s security strategy that has been driven from a kinetic approach which entails applyiing sheer military force as solution.

But hope for a respite seems to be on the horizon given that government is throwing in a mix of both kinetic and non kinetic strategies (which is about engagement with the society in more scientific methods) such as carrots and sticks approach to get to the route cause of the anti-social bevaviors manifesting as the menance currently hobbling the growth, development and progress of our beloved nation as well as prosperity of Nigerians.

To make our country great,our labor leaders must transit from being mere workers to problem solvers by becoming a source of innovation and a bastion of productive workforce that would propel our country into ultimately attaining a level of human, food and energy security that have been the dream of the masses which our leaders have been struggling to make manifest.

Magnus Onyibe, an entrepreneur, public policy analyst ,author,democracy advocate, development strategist, alumnus of Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Massachusetts, USA and a former commissioner in Delta state government, sent this piece from Lagos, Nigeria.
To continue with this conversation and more, please visit www.magnum.ng

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Opinion

Where’s the Nigeria’s Oil Metering Fund?

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By Boma Lilian Braide Esq

A single administrative letter dated 7 July 2023, issued from the Office of the Chief of Staff to the President, has triggered what may become one of the most consequential transparency battles in Nigeria’s recent public finance history. At its centre is a simple but troubling question; Can executive memo lawfully override an Act of the National Assembly and quietly redirect billions of naira in statutory oil revenue?

The letter took the NUPRC 4% Cost of Collection fund, the legal lifeline that keeps Nigeria’s upstream petroleum regulator financially independent under the Petroleum Industry Act (PIA), and split it in two. It left 2.5% for the regulator’s routine operations and ring fenced 1.5%, more than a third of the entire fund, for an unspecified project to upgrade crude oil and gas metering and transparency systems.

The episode fits an uncomfortably familiar pattern in Nigeria’s oil economy. From the subsidy scandals of the past decade to recurring disputes over unremitted NNPC earnings, the country has repeatedly discovered that the gap between statutory rules and administrative practice is where public wealth tends to disappear. The Treasury Single Account was introduced precisely to close that gap, consolidating government revenue under one transparent umbrella and ending the era of scattered, unmonitored accounts. If a presidential memo can still carve out fractional, semi visible allocations from a statutory fund without legislative oversight, then the safeguard the Treasury Single Account was designed to provide is only as strong as the discretion of whoever occupies the Villa at a given time.

The figures involved are not trivial. In 2022, the 4% fund totalled ₦98 billion, putting the 1.5% carve out at ₦36.75 billion. After the 2023 currency reforms, the fund rose to ₦114.838 billion, yielding ₦43.064 billion for the project. By 2024 it had climbed further still, to ₦279.692 billion, of which the earmarked share came to ₦104.884 billion. Across 2023 and 2024 alone, the directive is said to have diverted roughly ₦147.948 billion away from the regulator’s core mandate.

What happened next is where the story turns from an administrative curiosity into a governance scandal. According to records cited by the PENGASSAN oil workers’ union, which has staged field protests over the matter, about ₦98.632 billion of that ring fenced sum, one percentage point of the fund, was quietly moved to a separate downstream agency, the NMDPRA. That leaves a further 0.5%, worth ₦49.316 billion, whose destination remains unaccounted for. Public money cannot simply disappear into unmapped accounts outside the federal budget, and the absence of any clear paper trail is itself a serious governance failure.

In my recent conversations with Rt. Hon. Mark Terseer Gbillah, the former federal lawmaker who has led the push to uncover the facts, frames the matter as a question of constitutional order rather than mere bureaucratic overreach. Section 80 of the 1999 Constitution vests exclusive control over public funds in the National Assembly. Sections 12(d), 22 and 24(1) of the PIA reinforce that principle by making clear that silence in the law on how to apportion a fund is not an invitation for the executive to invent new sub accounts. When an internal memo is used to redistribute statutory oil revenue without parliamentary sanction, it does more than bend administrative procedure; it signals to investors that Nigeria’s public finances can be reshaped at the stroke of a pen rather than through settled institutional rules. That perception carries real costs, including the kind of unpredictability that unsettles capital markets and, closer to home, the labour unrest already visible in PENGASSAN’s protests over threats to workers’ welfare.

There is a second, more technical problem with the directive. The 1.5% allocation was meant to fund metering and transparency infrastructure, yet Section 7(L) and the Seventh Schedule of the PIA are explicit that NUPRC’s role in this area is limited to supervision, calibration and certification. The law places the financial burden of acquiring and installing measurement equipment squarely on the oil licensees and lessees themselves. Directing public regulatory fees to cover what is, in effect, a private capital cost looks less like prudent fiscal management and more like an unlawful subsidy to industry operators, funded by the public purse.

That raises a further set of unanswered questions. Why was such a substantial, recurring stream of national revenue committed to a single project without public tender notices, an evaluation report or any visible justification? Where, geographically and physically, has this multi billion naira metering upgrade actually been carried out? Who are the contractors, and through what process were they selected? Under Sections 16, 18 and 20 of the Public Procurement Act 2007, lawful procurement can only follow an approved budget and legislative sanction; no amount of subsequent paperwork can retroactively legalise a spending decision that had no lawful foundation to begin with.

Rather than pursue the matter through public commentary alone, Gbillah and his legal team at Chronos Legal & Co. have taken a more systematic route, filing simultaneous Freedom of Information requests with eleven federal institutions, from the Accountant General’s office to the Bureau of Public Procurement and the National Assembly’s budget committees.
The requests sought hard evidence: GIFMIS transaction logs, Treasury Single Account sub account records and budget transcripts, the kind of documentation that would allow independent verification of what actually happened to the money.

Ten of the eleven institutions allowed the statutory seven day response window to lapse without comment. Their silence speaks for itself. In a democracy governed by the rule of law, public institutions holding public money have a basic obligation to account for it when lawfully asked; refusing to respond is itself a form of admission that something requires concealment.

The one institution that did reply, the Central Bank of Nigeria, offered a response that raises as many questions as it answers. The CBN argued that because the request sought certified true copies of account records, it fell under the Evidence Act rather than the Freedom of Information Act, and therefore could not be processed. This is a distinction without a meaningful difference. The Freedom of Information Act of 2011 grants Nigerians a clear statutory right to inspect and copy public financial records; the Evidence Act simply governs how documents are authenticated for use in court proceedings. Treating the latter as a shield against the former is, at best, an overly technical reading of the law, and Gbillah’s lawyers are preparing a formal rebuttal.

A 72 hour ultimatum has now been issued to the eleven institutions. Should they continue to withhold the requested records, the legal team intends to approach the Federal High Court for an Order of Mandamus compelling disclosure. The case is being framed as the opening move in a broader push for fiscal transparency, backed by a growing coalition of retired public officials, professionals and former legislators who argue that Nigeria’s institutions have grown too comfortable operating behind closed doors.

If the restructuring of this fund and the subsequent transfers were carried out lawfully, the simplest and most persuasive response available to government would be full disclosure. Publishing the relevant memos, transaction records and procurement files would settle the matter within days. Instead, the pattern of silence and technical evasion on display so far only deepens public suspicion that something in Nigeria’s oil revenue architecture does not withstand scrutiny.

Nigeria’s Constitution places the power over public funds firmly with elected representatives for good reason: it is one of the few checks that prevents the executive from treating state revenue as a matter of internal correspondence. When that principle is quietly set aside through an administrative letter, the damage extends well beyond the naira figures involved. It erodes the basic assumption, on which both citizens and investors depend, that public money in Nigeria moves according to law rather than according to who holds the pen.

This is also a test of institutional character. Agencies such as the Bureau of Public Procurement, the Budget Office and the National Assembly’s own oversight committees exist to prevent exactly this kind of unilateral reallocation. Their collective silence in the face of a lawful information request suggests either that the required documentation does not exist in a form that can withstand scrutiny, or that no single institution wishes to be first to explain a decision it did not make. Neither possibility reflects well on the state of Nigeria’s public finance architecture, and both underline why external legal pressure, rather than internal goodwill, has become the primary route to accountability.

Whether this case ends in full disclosure or in further stonewalling, it has already demonstrated why the demand for a public trail on public money is not a partisan grievance but a constitutional one.

Nigerians have watched oil wealth vanish into administrative fog before, and each unexplained diversion, however small the percentage, adds to a deficit of trust that no growth statistic can repair. The coalition pressing this case deserves to be taken seriously, not because of who its members are, but because the questions they are asking, about a memo, a fund and billions of naira in missing accountability, are questions every Nigerian taxpayer has a right to see answered.

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Opinion

Why GLO is the Gold Standard

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By Dr. Sani Sa’idu Baba

In every generation, there are brands that merely compete, and there are brands that redefine the standards by which others are measured. In Nigeria’s highly competitive telecommunications industry, Globacom has steadily carved a reputation that places it in the latter category. It is not merely another network provider; it has become a benchmark of indigenous innovation, resilience, affordability, and national pride. For millions of Nigerians, Glo has evolved into more than a telecommunications company, it is the gold standard.

The true measure of excellence is not simply how long a company survives, but how consistently it delivers value despite changing times and increasing competition. From inception, Globacom has remained committed to a people-first philosophy, ensuring that quality communication is affordable and accessible to every Nigerian. Guided by the visionary leadership of Dr. Mike Adenuga, GCON, Glo has consistently introduced products and services that make life easier for students, entrepreneurs, traders, professionals, families, and millions of everyday subscribers. In an economy where affordability matters, Glo continues to prove that staying connected should never be a luxury.

The hallmark of any gold standard is innovation, and innovation has remained the heartbeat of Glo. The company has pioneered several industry-first initiatives that reshaped Nigeria’s telecommunications landscape, compelling competitors to raise their standards. Its landmark investment in the Glo-1 submarine cable transformed internet connectivity, expanded bandwidth, strengthened network capacity, and contributed immensely to Nigeria’s digital economy. Today, with one of the country’s most extensive network infrastructures, Glo continues to bridge the digital divide by connecting both urban and rural communities to limitless opportunities.

Perhaps what distinguishes Glo most is its unmistakable Nigerian identity. It stands as one of Africa’s most successful indigenous telecommunications companies, a powerful reminder that world-class excellence can indeed be homegrown. Every milestone achieved by Glo reinforces the belief that Nigerian enterprises can compete successfully on both continental and global stages. It inspires confidence in local entrepreneurship and proves that visionary leadership, strategic investment, and unwavering commitment can produce institutions of international relevance.

Beyond providing telecommunications services, Glo has become a major contributor to Nigeria’s economic and social development. Its operations support thousands of direct and indirect jobs, empower businesses through reliable connectivity, and enable education, healthcare, research, entertainment, and digital entrepreneurship to thrive. Through sponsorship of major cultural festivals such as Ojude Oba, Eyo and Ofala, alongside investments in sports, music, and youth empowerment, Glo has demonstrated that nation-building extends beyond technology. It is a company that celebrates Nigeria’s heritage while investing in its future.

What truly sets Glo apart, however, is its humanity. Through customer appreciation initiatives, subscriber reward programmes, and continuous investments in network improvement, the company has consistently shown that its relationship with customers goes beyond business. It listens, adapts, and gives back, reinforcing the trust of millions of Nigerians who rely on its services every day.

Globacom’s journey mirrors the resilience, creativity, and optimism of Nigeria itself. It has shown that an indigenous company can compete with the very best while remaining deeply connected to the people it serves. Choosing Glo is therefore more than selecting a network; it is embracing a brand that believes in Nigeria, invests in Nigerians, and grows with Nigerians.

For millions of subscribers, Glo is more than a telecommunications company. It is a symbol of innovation, affordability, national pride, and endless possibilities. It is the people’s network, Nigeria’s pride, and without doubt, the gold standard.

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The Wars of Ego: Leadership As the Architect of Collective Possibilities

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By Tolulope A. Adegoke, PhD

“The ego builds monuments to its own memory.

Leadership, in its truest form, builds bridges to a future it will never cross.”

Introduction: The Invisible Battlefield

The most consequential wars of the twenty-first century are not fought with artillery, drones, or cyber-espionage. They are fought in boardrooms, parliamentary chambers, community halls, and the private sanctuaries of the human psyche. These are the Wars of Ego—a relentless, often silent conflict wherein personal validation, historical grievance, territorial defensiveness, and the desperate need for supremacy eclipse the pursuit of shared prosperity. This is not a metaphor; it is the operational reality that underpins the stagnation of corporations, the fracturing of nations, and the disempowerment of peoples.

Ego, in its classical psychological definition, is the mediator between the primal id and the moral superego. However, in the context of governance and organizational dynamics, ego metastasizes into a pathology of self-referentiality. It transforms decision-making from a collaborative exercise in problem-solving into a zero-sum gladiatorial contest. When ego becomes the sovereign of a leader’s soul, the organization—whether a family business, a multinational conglomerate, or a sovereign state—becomes a subsidiary of the leader’s personal narrative. The result is predictable: misallocation of resources, erosion of trust, systemic blindness, and a catastrophic decline in the capacity to deliver possibilities.

This treatise posits a bold, unyielding thesis: Leadership is the singular antidote to the Wars of Ego. But not leadership as it is commonly misunderstood—not charisma, not authority, not dominance. Rather, leadership as a technological and spiritual discipline of transcendence. It is the art of shifting the locus of control from the “I” to the “We,” from preservation to evolution, from validation to actualization. This document will dissect the anatomy of ego-driven conflict across three critical strata—Peoples, Corporates, and Nations—and prescribe a rigorous, multi-layered framework of solutions that are universally applicable, culturally agnostic, and operationally executable.

Part I: The Anatomy of the Ego-War – A Psychosocial Autopsy

To prescribe a cure, we must first understand the pathogen. The Wars of Ego are not random; they follow a predictable, cyclical pattern observable in every human collective.

1. The Narcissistic Cascade

Ego warfare begins with the leader’s internal dialogue. When a leader perceives their identity as synonymous with the institution, any critique of the institution becomes a critique of the self. This triggers a defensive cascade: denial, rationalization, projection, and ultimately, aggression. The leader ceases to listen to data, preferring instead to listen to echoes of their own voice. In a corporate setting, this manifests as the “founder’s trap”—where the founder refuses to cede control despite obvious market shifts. In a national context, it manifests as autocratic populism, where the leader’s personal vendettas are outsourced to the state apparatus.

2. The Tribalism of Proximity

Ego does not operate in isolation; it recruits allies. Leaders surrounded by sycophants—what we term the “courtier effect”—amplify their egoic biases. This creates a tribal echo chamber where competence is secondary to loyalty. The result is an institutional paralysis where the best ideas are sacrificed to protect the leader’s fragile self-esteem. This is the cancer that kills innovation in Fortune 500 companies and fuels sectarian violence in multi-ethnic nations.

3. The Temporal Myopia

Ego is inherently present-centric. It demands gratification now—quarterly earnings, immediate poll numbers, instant applause. This temporal myopia sacrifices long-term sustainability for short-term validation. Thus, corporations under ego-driven leaders gut R&D budgets to inflate stock prices; nations under ego-driven leaders deplete natural resources and erode democratic institutions for a fleeting legacy.

4. The Zero-Sum Fallacy

The most insidious weapon in the Wars of Ego is the belief that one person’s gain is another’s loss. This fallacy redefines collaboration as a threat. In corporations, it prevents cross-functional synergy; in geopolitics, it fuels trade wars and military posturing. The Ego sees the world as a finite pie; Leadership sees it as an expandable ecosystem.

Part II: The Cost of Ego-War – Quantifying the Destruction

The consequences are not philosophical; they are quantifiable.

·         For Peoples: Ego-driven leadership leads to the erasure of agency. Citizens become subjects, not stakeholders. Social mobility stagnates as policies are tailored to the leader’s vanity projects rather than to infrastructure, education, and healthcare. The result is a generation of disenfranchised youth who turn to extremism, apathy, or migration. The loss of human potential is incalculable—measured not in GDP, but in unfulfilled dreams and suppressed genius.

·         For Corporates: Ego kills agility. A 2023 study by the Corporate Governance Institute found that companies with high CEO-centricity (defined by excessive CEO pay ratios, board friendliness, and unilateral decision-making) underperformed their peer groups by 23% over a five-year horizon. More damningly, these companies suffer from a 40% higher turnover rate among mid-level talent, as high-performers refuse to remain in environments where merit is subordinated to the leader’s whims. Innovation pipelines dry up; market share erodes; and bankruptcy becomes a lingering possibility.

·         For Nations: The geopolitical cost is profound. Ego-driven diplomacy is characterized by “red lines” that are drawn not based on strategic interests, but on personal pride. This leads to miscalculations—the Cuban Missile Crisis was an ego-war; the invasion of Iraq was an ego-war; the current fragmentation of global supply chains is an ego-war. Nations lose soft power, economic leverage, and moral authority. The resultant instability creates refugee crises, food insecurity, and climate inaction, because the ego cannot conceive of a future beyond its own tenure.

 

Part III: The Leadership Solution – A Comprehensive Framework for Transcendence

The solution is not the elimination of ego—that is impossible and undesirable, as ego provides the drive to achieve. The solution is the redirection and subordination of ego to a higher purpose. This requires a paradigm shift from Leadership as Command to Leadership as Custodianship. Below is a multi-dimensional, action-oriented framework that cuts across all three strata.

Solution 1: The Protocol of Institutionalized Humility (For Corporates and Nations)

Humility is not weakness; it is strategic intelligence. We propose a Mandatory Peer-Review Protocol where every major decision (M&A, policy shift, strategic pivot) must be vetted by a council of internal and external stakeholders with veto power over process, if not content. This does not dilute authority; it validates it. The ego-leader feels threatened by scrutiny; the custodian-leader welcomes it because they know that their legacy is not in being right, but in being effective.

·         Corporate Application: Establish a “Shadow Board” of high-potential junior executives who critique strategic proposals from a future-state perspective. This creates a feedback loop that forces the CEO to justify decisions on merit, not instinct.

·         National Application: Mandate that all major legislative initiatives undergo a “Pre-Impact Assessment” by a bipartisan, independent economic and social council. This insulates policy from the whims of a single administration.

Solution 2: The Institutionalization of “Succession by Design” (For All Levels)

Ego-warriors fear successors because successors imply mortality. To dismantle this fear, leadership must be reframed as a temporary trust, not a permanent throne. We propose a “Triple-Exit Clause” for all leadership roles: (1) A fixed term limit, (2) A performance-triggered exit (if key metrics are missed for two consecutive periods), and (3) A “Graceful Exit” mechanism that rewards leaders for developing their replacement within 18 months of assuming office.

·         For Corporates: Link 30% of the CEO’s long-term compensation to the successful transition of their successor. This aligns the leader’s financial interest with the institution’s continuity.

·         For Nations: Enforce a constitutional requirement that no leader may serve beyond two terms, and that all cabinet ministers must actively mentor a junior counterpart. This forces the dissemination of power and knowledge, preventing the “cult of personality” that fuels ego-war.

Solution 3: The Decentralization of Decision Rights (For Peoples and Corporates)

Ego thrives on concentration. To starve the ego, we must disperse decision-making authority to the periphery—to the people closest to the ground. This is not democracy for its own sake; it is functional optimization.

·         For Corporates: Implement a “Radical Decentralization” model where departmental heads are granted full budgetary and hiring authority within a set of clear strategic guardrails. The role of the CEO shifts from “decider” to “connector”—facilitating resources and removing bottlenecks, rather than dictating outputs.

·         For Nations: Adopt a “Subsidiarity Principle” where all policies that can be executed at the municipal or provincial level are legally forbidden from being centralized. This forces national leaders to focus on macro-stability, diplomacy, and infrastructure, while local leaders manage education, health, and transport. This fragmentation of power prevents any single ego from monopolizing the national narrative.

Solution 4: The “Mirror-Feedback” System for Self-Awareness

The most dangerous ego is the one that does not know it exists. We propose a mandatory, third-party “Leadership Impact Audit” conducted every 18 months, using 360-degree anonymous feedback from subordinates, peers, external partners, and even competitors. This audit is not a performance review; it is a distortion check. It measures the leader’s emotional footprint—their propensity to interrupt, to dismiss dissenting views, to take credit, and to deflect blame. The results are shared with the leader’s board or oversight committee, with a mandated action plan for correction.

·         Corporate Example: Netflix’s famous “Keeper Test” is a form of this, but we extend it to include a “Friction Score”—a quantified measure of how much the leader’s presence creates decision-paralysis in meetings.

·         National Example: Establish an independent “Ombudsman for Leadership Ethics” that publishes an annual report on the humility index of the executive branch. This public accountability forces even the most narcissistic leaders to moderate their behavior for fear of reputational damage.

Solution 5: The Recalibration of Incentive Structures (The Economic Cure)

The Wars of Ego are sustained by perverse incentives. If we reward leaders for immediate stock spikes or short-term GDP growth, we are incentivizing ego-driven short-termism. We propose a paradigm shift toward Multi-Generational Incentivization.

·         For Corporates: Tie 50% of executive compensation to metrics that have a 10-year horizon: carbon reduction, employee retention, R&D patent filings, and community investment. This forces the leader to think like a steward, not a conqueror.

·         For Nations: Shift national budgeting from annual appropriations to Five-Year Rolling Budgets with locked-in allocations for health, education, and infrastructure. This removes the leader’s ability to use the budget as a tool for political patronage, thereby reducing the ego-driven urge to “reward loyalists” and “punish critics.”

Solution 6: The Cultivation of “Anti-Fragile” Cultures (For Peoples)

Ultimately, the most potent solution is cultural. A society or organization that rewards candor over compliance will naturally starve the ego. We propose a formalized “Safe Dissent” protocol.

·         Corporate: Create a “Devil’s Advocate Committee” tasked with formally opposing every major initiative. The committee is not to kill the idea, but to strengthen it by exposing its vulnerabilities. The CEO is required to respond in writing to all committee findings.

·         National: Enshrine a “Right to Constructive Disobedience” for civil servants—a protected legal channel for whistleblowers and contrarian analysts to present alternative data to the legislature without fear of retaliation. This creates a culture where the leader is constantly reminded that they are fallible, thereby forcing them to lean on collective intelligence.

 

Part IV: The Synthesis – Delivering Possibilities Across the Board

When these solutions are applied concurrently, they create a virtuous cycle. The Leader becomes a servant of the system, not its master. The result is an explosion of possibilities.

For Peoples:

The decentralization of power and the institutionalization of feedback mean that the average citizen is no longer a passive recipient of policy; they become a co-creator of their destiny. Education systems pivot from rote memorization to problem-solving. Healthcare systems become preventive, not reactive. The narrative shifts from “What can my leader do for me?” to “What can we achieve together?” The ego-war is replaced by a peace of collective agency. Unemployment drops, as local economies are empowered to innovate. Crime reduces, as community trust rebuilds. The “possibility” here is human flourishing—a condition where every individual, regardless of background, has a pathway to self-actualization.

For Corporates:

The shift to multi-generational incentives and decentralized decision-making unlocks a level of agility that is impossible under ego-centric rule. Innovation cycles shorten from years to months. The best talent is retained because high-performers crave environments where their voice matters. Collaboration across silos becomes the norm, not the exception. Mergers and acquisitions are driven by strategic fit, not by the CEO’s desire for a larger empire. Profitability becomes a byproduct of purpose, not a singular obsession. The “possibility” here is sustainable market leadership—a company that outlasts its founder, adapts to every disruption, and serves as a pillar of community prosperity.

For Nations:

The application of humility protocols and independent oversight transforms diplomacy from a theater of posturing into a practice of pragmatic problem-solving. Geopolitical rivals find common ground in climate action, trade harmonization, and pandemic preparedness, because leaders are freed from the need to “save face” and are instead incentivized to “save lives.” The nation becomes a beacon of soft power, attracting investment, talent, and global respect. The “possibility” here is strategic immortality—a nation that remains relevant and prosperous for centuries, not merely for the tenure of a single leader.

 

Part V: The Deeper Dive – Addressing the Uncomfortable Truths

To be comprehensive, we must address the cynics who argue that these solutions are utopian. They will say: “You cannot change human nature.” This is a fallacy. We do not seek to change human nature; we seek to channel it. The ego is like a river—it will flow. Our task is to build levees, canals, and turbines that convert its destructive energy into productive force.

The Challenge of Implementation:

The primary obstacle to these solutions is that they require ego-wielders to voluntarily reduce their own power. This is the “Theater of the Absurd”: the very people who need these reforms the most are the least likely to adopt them. Therefore, we must rely on external catalysts:

1.     Market Forces: Institutional investors must mandate ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) metrics that include leadership humility scores. When capital flows away from ego-centric companies, the market itself becomes the regulator.

2.     Civil Society: Grassroots movements must demand transparency, using digital platforms to track and publish real-time decision-making data. For example, a “Leader’s Decision Log” can be made public, showing exactly who influenced which policy.

3.     Intergenerational Contracts: Young employees and citizens must refuse to participate in ego-driven systems. The rise of the “Great Resignation” and the “Quiet Quitting” phenomenon are early indicators that the workforce is voting with its feet against narcissistic leadership. This is a powerful lever for change.

The Role of Technology:

Artificial Intelligence can be a neutral arbiter of ego. We propose an AI-driven “Bias Detection System” that analyzes meeting transcripts, decision memos, and budget allocations to flag patterns of personal favoritism, disproportionate credit-taking, and exclusionary language. This system acts as a silent, non-judgmental observer, providing data that the leader cannot refute. It removes the emotional charge from feedback, replacing it with cold, hard evidence. This is not surveillance; it is a mirror.

The Spiritual Dimension:

Finally, we must acknowledge the spiritual dimension. Leadership, at its highest echelon, is a form of karma yoga—selfless action. The leader must cultivate an internal practice of detachment: regular journaling, meditation, or executive coaching that focuses on the question: “If I were removed from this position tomorrow, what would remain?” If the answer is “nothing,” the leader is operating on ego. If the answer is “an enduring institution, a competent team, and a clear roadmap,” the leader is operating on vision. We recommend that every leader undergo an annual “Existential Audit” with a seasoned philosopher or spiritual counselor, to decouple their self-worth from their positional power.

 

Part VI: A New Lexicon for Leadership

To sustain this transformation, we must change our language. Words shape reality. We propose the adoption of a new vocabulary:

·         Replace “My Strategy” with “Our Shared Horizon.”

·         Replace “I Decided” with “We Converged.”

·         Replace “My Legacy” with “Our Inheritance.”

·         Replace “My Critics” with “Our Dialectical Partners.”

This linguistic shift is not cosmetic; it is neurocognitive. Repeated use of collectivist language rewires the brain’s default mode network, reducing the amygdala’s threat response to dissent and increasing the prefrontal cortex’s capacity for integrative thinking.

 

Part VII: The Ultimate Metric – The Possibility Index

We conclude with a proposal for a global standard: the Possibility Index (PI) . This is a composite metric that measures the aggregate potential of a people, a corporation, or a nation. It includes:

·         The Ratio of Idea Generation to Idea Suppression (measured by the number of proposals submitted vs. rejected with valid rationale).

·         The Trust Quotient (measured by employee/citizen engagement surveys and voluntary retention rates).

·         The Generational Handover Score (the percentage of institutional knowledge successfully transferred to the next cohort).

·         The Adaptability Velocity (the time taken to pivot strategy in response to external shocks).

When the PI rises, the Wars of Ego fall. This is not a utopian dream; it is a tangible, measurable reality. The data is clear: organizations with high PI consistently outperform their peers by every financial and social metric. The same applies to nations. The Nordic countries, Singapore, and New Zealand are not perfect, but their consistent investment in institutional humility, decentralized decision-making, and long-term incentivization places them at the pinnacle of global prosperity.

 

Conclusion: The Choice Before Us

The Wars of Ego are not inevitable. They are a choice—a collective choice to elevate the individual over the collective, the immediate over the enduring, and the self over the species. Leadership is the only force powerful enough to reverse this choice. But it requires a fundamental redefinition: Leadership is not the power to command; it is the courage to surrender—to surrender the need for credit, the need for control, and the need for validation.

When a leader steps back, the people step up. When the ego retreats, possibility advances. This is the central paradox of effective stewardship: The more a leader diminishes their own ego, the larger their impact becomes. They become a lens, not a source—focusing light, not emitting it. Through this lens, the challenges of the twenty-first century—climate change, inequality, geopolitical tension, technological disruption—become not existential threats, but engineering problems. They become solvable. They become opportunities.

The Peoples will no longer wait for a savior; they will become their own salvation. The Corporates will no longer chase quarterly glory; they will build century-spanning legacies. The Nations will no longer compete in a tragic zero-sum contest; they will collaborate in a magnificent win-win ecosystem.

This is the promise of Leadership. This is the end of the Wars of Ego. This is the beginning of a new epoch—not of kings, but of custodians; not of conquest, but of cultivation; not of ego, but of empathy. The door is open. The solutions are clear. The only question that remains is whether we—as individuals, as organizations, and as societies—have the wisdom to walk through it.

Let us choose wisely. Let us choose We. Let us choose Tomorrow. Let us choose Possibility.

Dr. Tolulope A. Adegoke, AMBP-UN is a globally recognized scholar-practitioner and thought leader at the nexus of security, governance, and strategic leadership. His mission is dedicated to advancing ethical governance, strategic human capital development, resilient nation building, and global peace. He can be reached via: tolulopeadegoke01@gmail.comglobalstageimpacts@gmail.com

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