Connect with us

Featured

TITI GBONGAN: Its Mobile Philosophers and Allures

Published

on

By Hon. (Barr.) Femi Kehinde

Every Yoruba town has its landmark. Gbongan is a Junction town. It was a mini melting pot and a melting point.

Gbongan was founded by an Oyo Prince named Olufioye (short form Olufi). Olufioye was a direct descendant of Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu, who reigned in Oyo between 1770 and 1789. Although Aole was a prince, he succeeded the most famous and progressive Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu in 1789. Olufi contested for the throne of the Alaafin of Oyo after the demise of his father, Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu, but lost to another Prince – Aole. He had to leave Oyo as tradition demanded and was followed by many Oyo Citizens who were sympathetic to his struggle for the throne of Alaafin.

Olufi and his entourage left Oyo via the Igbori route, stayed there for some time, and then moved to Soungbe, where they finally got to Gbongan-Ile. Olufi carried along from Oyo a beaded crown and some coral beads (Ileke Orun), which made his followers recognize him not only as an Oyo Prince but also as an Oba in his own right.

The unrest that wrecked the stability of the Oyo empire also affected many Oyo towns, allowing marauders to penetrate several Oyo towns, including Gbongan-Ile. Olufi and his followers had to migrate to a more forested location, which was more secure than their former settlement. The present Gbongan is situated in the forest belt of Osun State. As a result, at the present location, we have such settlements as Oke-Egan, Oke Apata, Ile-Opo, Aiyepe, Ile Keti, Oyunlola, Ile-Asoro, Owo-Ope, etc. Hence, Gbongan town is watered by a network of streams like Oyunlola, Akinjole, Alaanu, Oleyo, Yemoja, and Elu.

Gbongan was a cosmopolitan, peaceful, and prominent Junction city. Ibadan was forty miles away, Oshogbo thirty miles, and Iwo nineteen miles. No town can be luckier in its choice of location. It was the Gbongan – Iwo – Iseyin route that opened one into the world of Oke-ogun – one of the Yoruba nation’s food baskets and the home of Oyo-ile before the collapse of the old Oyo empire, and the movement of Oyo to the present Oyo by Alaafin Atiba – grandson of Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu. It was also infact sixteen miles to the popular Owu kingdom that shares the neighborhood with Apoje and Ijebu-igbo, and straight into the Atlantic of Ejinrin waters, where the European business blossomly thrived in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the home of the first post office in Nigeria.

Gbongan opens the way into the inter-land and the farther part of Eastern and Western Nigeria. It was a turnkey road of about fifteen miles to Ile-Ife – home of Oduduwa, the eponymous founder of the Yoruba race. Her eastern boundary with Ile-Ife is the big Sasa River. As a result of this peculiar advantage, commerce thrived, and businesses boomed. There were a lot of intra-city movements, and many settlements from various tribes of Ijebu, Ilesha, the Hausa community at its settlement at Sabo in Ile-keti, the Igbo community at the Oke-Church, and many settlers from various parts of the country. It was the home of many mercantile businesses – John Holt, UAC, UTC, the Rand tree, Patterson Zochonis (PZ), Gottshalk, Leventis group, etc., who all had their Factors in Gbongan. Gbongan was a beehive.

The beauty of Gbongan is better encapsulated through the history of its origin. Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu was perhaps the most progressive, famous, opulent, kindhearted, and resourceful Alaafin. His reign brought peace and prosperity to the Oyo empire. The Oyo empire reached the apogee of its heights during his reign, whose boundaries went as far as Dahomey, Togo, and some parts of Ghana. He was a tall, shimmering, dark, and handsome man. He was unassuming and comely. He ended the devastating tenure of Bashorun Gaa (Prime Minister of the Oyo empire) as a tyrant and despot who murdered four successive Alaafins – Alaafin Labisi, Alaafin Awonbioju, Alaafin Agboloaje and Alaafin Majiogbe. His reign was popularized by the song;

Laaye Olugbon mo da iborun meje, ao ma fiwe lere
Laaye aresa mo da iborun mefa, ao ma fiwe lere
Laaye Abiodun, awo sanyan wo aran, baba aso
A’fole Lole pe igba re kodun afole

The song simply emphasises and eulogises the prosperity of Oyo empire during Alaafin Abiodun’s reign.

It is noteworthy that the first time an Ooni traveled out of his domain in Ile-Ife, he passed through Titi Gbongan. In 1903, Ooni Adenekan Sijuwade Olubuse I. visited Lagos at the invitation of the Colonial Governor to give his ruling on whether the Oba Elepe of Epe was entitled to wear a beaded crown. During his passage through various towns from Ile-Ife to Ibadan, all the Obas had to vacate their thrones temporarily and slaughter a cow to herald his passage. The Olufi of Gbongan, Oba Ifaromade Akinnu (1860 – 1913), was no exemption to this traditional display of reverence to the throne of Oduduwa.
Ooni Adenekan Olubuse I. was equally received at the Dugbe train station in Ibadan (opened in 1901) by Yoruba traditional elites and top colonial officers who saw him off to the specially arranged first-class passenger coach train services that took him to Iddo train station in Lagos. In Lagos, he delivered his verdict by putting his back behind the crowd and facing the wall.

The Gbongan Road, better known then as Titi Gbongan, has since become prominent for inter-city and intra-state movements. Passengers from all over the country pass through Titi Gbongan. Thenceforth, the road has become popularized and highly patronized by passengers crisscrossing through the route from various parts of the country. Gbongan was the first major stop to unwind and do some toiletries for passengers traveling farther into Western and Eastern Nigeria from Lagos. The second major stop after Gbongan was Agbanikaka in present-day Delta State.

At the Junction stop in Gbongan, popularly known as Oke-church, passengers would stop to buy bread of various brands (Famoriyo bread, Karile bread, Senegal bread, the double-breasted Sakliford bread), fowl eggs (Eyin Awo), chicken eggs, water, assorted drinks, Akara (Edelomowa and Moro Akara joints), puff-puff, roasted plantain (Boli), chin-chin, groundnut, garden egg, food at the popular Toko-Taya restaurants and all sorts. Lorries and buses would also top up their fuel at the Esso, Shell, and BP petroleum stations.

However, the most penetrating and indelible experience were the philosophical words and thoughtful inscriptions on some of the lorries and buses that traversed through the Titi Gbongan on a regular basis. There were very numerous inscriptions, but some few, apart from it’s pendantic pomposity shapened our morals and captured our infancy thoughts and attitudes to life. A few of these mobile philosophical inscriptions would suffice;

Owó Tútù. – Cold Money
Ìwà Pẹ̀lẹ́. – Calm Character
Asiko Laye! – Life is Seasonal
Ayé Mojúbà! – Life I pay homage
Ajani Baba Mukaila. – Àjàní, Múkáílà’s father,
Ma fi Eniyan se yeye – to laugh at infirmity or deformity is enormity
Ìforítì – Endurance.
Oba Bi Olorun Kosi! – No King as God
Mo Bẹ̀rù Àgbà! – I fear Elders
Ọlọ́run Lúgọ! – God is Secretly Watching
Jẹ́ kó Yẹ mí kale Olúwa. – Let it be well with me forever oh Lord!
Ẹni Afẹ́ La mọ̀. – Who we love is who we know
Jẹ́ẹ́jẹ́ Láyé. – Life is tender
Alábòsí Ọ̀rẹ́. – Poke nosing friend
Ebiniseri – Ebenezer.
Ayé Kòótọ́. – Life detest the truth
Mo bá Olúwa Dúró. – I stand with God
Ti Olúwa ni ilẹ̀. – The earth is the Lord
Èyí ó wù á wí! – Whatever we choose to say
Jẹ́ kí won wí – Let them say.
Ènìyàn ṣe pẹ̀lẹ́! – Humans, thread carefully
Bánúsọ! – Confide in yourself
Àṣelà. – Succeeding
Wẹ́rẹ́ n’iṣẹ́ Olúwa! – God’s work is easily
Ààrọ̀ lawà. – We are in the morning
Ìbàjẹ́ ènìyàn kò dá iṣẹ́ Olúwa dúró! – What people say does not stop the Lord’s work
Òní la rí kò sí ẹni tó mọ̀la! – We only know today, no one knows tomorrow
Ọjọ́ gbogbo bí ọdún… – Every day like festive season
Ti Olúwa Ni Yóò Ṣẹ… – God’s own will be fulfilled
Aye l’ọjà – Life is Market
Abanise – God does it
Tẹ́lẹ̀dàá làṣẹ – The creator says the final
Béèyí ò ṣe – If this does not do
Iṣẹ́ lòògùn ìṣẹ́ – Hard work is the antidote of poverty
Ojú Ẹni má a là a ri iyonu- The eyes of who will succeed would see trouble
Ká Tayé yanjú ẹ̀ – Let’s settle it from the earth
Ayé la bówó – We met money on Earth
Ire á kárí – Good things will go round
Tèmi yémi – I understand my own
Sùúrùlérè – Patience is Profitable
Àfi sùúrù. – Only Patience
Ìwà lẹ̀sìn – Character is Religion
Má fèyí ṣòpin – Do not make this one the last
Mábayọ̀mijẹ́ – Do not spoil my joy
Bámiṣé Olúwa – Help me do mine oh Lord
Ìyá ni wúrà – Mother is gold
Ọlá mummy – Mother’s Affluence
Rírò ni t’ènìyàn – Man Proposes
Ìràwọ̀ òwúrọ̀ – Morning Star
Ilé la bọ́lá – Wealth is met at home
Ẹ̀mí ò Láàrọ̀ – Life has no duplicate
Ta ń fẹ́ á ní? – Who wishes that we have?
Àìmàsìkò – Lack of knowledge of time
Irú ènìyàn wà – There are human variants
Tí mo bá ronú mo ń dúpẹ́ – When I think, I thank!
Ọlorun Àdàbà – God of Dove
Yíyọ́ Ẹkùn – Tiger’s gentle movement
Àtidádé Kìnnìún – For lion to wear Crown
Bá ò kú, ìṣe ò tán – When there is life, there is hope
Bó o ṣé e re – If you do it well
Ṣé bó o ti mọ – Do it moderately or cut your coat according to your size
Wọn ṣe bọ́lá tán – They thought wealth has finished
Olúwa ló mẹjọ́ dá – God is the best judge
Iṣẹ́ Olúwa – God’s handiwork
Kìràkìtà ò dọlà – Hard work does not translate to wealth
Ìwàlẹwà – Character is beauty
It was easy then to identify the buses or lorries or trucks and its owners through the inscriptions, like waiting for “Ti oluwa ni yoo se” A. Amoo’s lorries from Ibadan or “Salensile” vehicles from Iwo, “Iwa” motors (Chief Ogunlade) from Ogbomoso, “Iwalewa” (Adesanya) from Ipetumodu, suara sobo’s lorries (O w’oko suara sobo) from Ibadan, Gani Abanise’s lorries from Ode-Omu. There were the cocoa lorry trucks with inscriptions “Boluwaji” in Gbongan, owned by Gabriel Farodoye – an Ijesha man whose cocoa business and stores prospered in Gbongan.

There were several popular transport companies from different Regions of Nigeria. These included Emex Transport, Ojukwu Transport owned by Louis Ojukwu, one of Nigeria’s early multi-millionaires and father of Late Biafra warlords – Odumegwu Ojukwu. I remember Benden Line of the Mid-West and later Edo State, and Ekene Dile Chukwu Transport from Enugu, Eyiowukawi trucks of Akosile in Ile-ife, JPO & Son trucks from Modakeke of Johnson Popoola Orisajimi – the prominent Modakeke business mogul, Abusi Edumare Lorries and Buses owned by Chief S.O Kuti allias Abusi Edumare from Ijebu-Igbo, he was also the founder of Abusi Edumare Academy in Ijebu -Igbo established in 1949, and was reputed to be the first man that was banned from building further houses in Lagos, having built 100-storey buildings in the Shomolu and Ebute-Metta axis of Lagos. Additionally, there were also Afiiko buses and lorries of Chief Isaac Ajanaku, an Ilesha business mogul who donated his property on Eletu-Odibo Street, Yaba Lagos to the newly inaugurated Unity Party of Nigeria (U.P.N. of Obafemi Awolowo) in 1978, to serve as its National Headquarters when the Second Republic was heralded, the I.T. & T.S. buses of Inaolaji trading and transport services of Alhaji Jimoh Inaolaji Ibrahim from Ikire, and the Alebiosu brothers transport services from Ibadan, the Adetoro Lawal cocoa lorries from Ede, the Olaiya Labaika lorries from Ikirun, and the Alhaji Lagbaja’s buses and lorries from Ilobu owned by Alhaji Lagbaja, who was the father of the incumbent Chief of Army Staff – Lt Gen. Taoreed Abiodun Lagbaja, Shaibu Gomina trucks and lorries in Osogbo by Alhaji Shaibu Gomina, a prominent Kano man based in Osogbo, the Iromini lorries from Iwo, and Obelawo buses from Ejigbo.

In the city center of Oke-Church, adjacent to the British Petroleum Station, stood the popular Omo-Ekun Hotel & Bar of Chief Bayo Olotu, a Benin man. The hotel’s foyer provided a space for musicians and theatre groups to perform, with a gate fee. In 1965, the famous “Yoruba Ronu” play of Hubert Ogunde theatre group was performed in this foyer. However, the epic play was eventually banned a few months later by the Ladoke Akintola Government of the Western Region. Gbongan was a regular spot for Duro Ladipo, Oyin Adejobi, Kola Ogunmola, and Eye-show Pepper of Ishola Ogunsola Theatre groups. Interestingly, to herald the play, in the evening, they would drive their lorries around the city for advertisement, encouraging the town’s folks to come to Omo-Ekun Bar to watch their performances. Subsequently, the Government of the Western State regularly screened film shows at the popular St. Paul’s field. A Government bus with inscription “Ministry of Information” from Ibadan would drive around the city, announcing through a mounted speaker on top of the van and with the aid of a microphone, the upcoming films that would be shown later in the evening would be advertised to invite people to come to the field to watch “Cinema Ofe ni agogo meje irole (Free cinema at 7 pm)”. The field also hosted the helicopter of the Governor – General Robert Adeyinka Adebayo for a State visit, which was met with a tumultuous welcome as he and his wife, Modupe, emerged from the helicopter. As pupils of St. Paul’s Anglican Primary School, we all eagerly trooped out to catch a glimpse of the visiting Governor in an impeccable Military uniform

Ariyo Photos & Studio was also popular and prominent in Gbongan in the early 1960s. An Ekiti man, he lived in Gbongan with his family. One of his children, Senator Abiodun Olujimi, later became a Deputy Governor in Ekiti State. There was also the Clemo Photos, owned by Clement Taiwo from Ipetumodu.

The Palace of Olufi Asabi was an interesting delight. Olufi Adewale Asabi (1926 – 1948) was a highly dynamic and progressive olufi who built a massive Palace with about eighty (80) rooms, a mini zoo, a large courtyard, and a main gate. The Palace has now been declared one of Nigeria’s National Monuments by the National Museum of Arts & Culture. Interestingly, Oba Sir. Adesoji Aderemi, the late Ooni of Ife, had at a point in time, lived in Gbongan before his ascension to the throne of Ooni of Ife in 1930. He built a bungalow on the main Titi Gbongan where he lived and traded in cocoa and some other palm produce. While still functioning as the railway station manager of Kuta/Ile-ogbo railway train station, he also ran a transport business. His house then was directly opposite the residence of another wealthy man in Gbongan, Oyeyinka Ajiferuke. Notably, Oba Adesoji Aderemi had three (3) of his Oloris (wives) from Gbongan – Olori Rebecca Morenike who begat Late. Justice Aderoju Aderemi and Prince Towo Aderemi, Olori Oyewe (Olufi Asabi’s Daughter), who begat Koyejo, Adejare, and Tunji Aderemi, and Olori Toyosi who also begat Prince Ishola Lambuwa Aderemi and Teniade Aderemi. Teniade Aderemi begat Mojoyin Faniyan, Nike Omoworare, Segun Omoworare and Senator Babajide Omoworare.

The most alluring edifice, right on the junction, is the well-known St. Paul’s Anglican Church, also referred to as “Awosifila bi Soosi Gbongan – A Church that you would have to remove your cap to see the upper part of”. Some even refer to Gbongan as the “Church Town”. The St. Paul’s church, built in 1919, gained prominence when it sprang into eminence for its patterned semblance to a church in England. Its picturesque as a distinguished architectural wonders and masterpiece was only comparable to Chief Lowa’s elegant house in Ile-Ife, and thus the known saying “hoho he bi ile lowa. Enu ko rohin bi soosi Gbongan”. Situated right at the center of Gbongan City and the main road, it was always a delight for passengers to view and behold. Across from the church, in the city center, were the vicarage, which is the residence of the Reverend, Canons and Archdeacons – Olunloyo, Fajemisin, Awosan, Olupona, Oroge, Oladipo (Younger brother of the Thespian – Duro Ladipo), and many others. Also beside the vicarage is the outstanding sprawling E-shaped storey building of the St. Paul’s Anglican Primary School, a Grade A primary school of its time, attended by prominent Nigerian elites like the late. Justice Bolarinwa Oyegoke Babalakin, (Retired Justice of the Supreme Court), Dr. Victor Omololu Olunloyo, (Former Governor of Oyo State), Chief Abiola Morakinyo, (Former Commissioner for Finance in the Second Republic Government of Chief Bola Ige in Oyo State), Chief Adewuyi Adetunji, (Retired Managing Director of Unic Insurance Plc), Chief Ezekiel Olasunmoye Fatoye (Retired Director of Old Nitel), Late. Col. Yemi Alabi, Late. Capt. Niyi Adeyemo, Emeritus Retired Professor R.O Adegboye, Late. Dr. Olasupo Toyosi, Late. Chief Bayo Toyosi, Late. Oba (Dr.) Solomon Babayemi (Olufi of Gbongan), Late. Chief Mrs. Elizabeth Wulemotu Aduke Kehinde (The Iyalode of Gbongan land), Prof. Oladele Ajayi (Professor of Nuclear Physics), Prof Tunde Makanju (Professor of Kinetic Science), Dr. Ade Adedeji (Metallurgical Engineer), Dr. Akinbami and so many others, with Chief Afe Babalola (SAN) as a Teacher in the school at a particular point in time.

Enterprises thrived and boomed for non-indigenes. Almost at the City’s outskirts was an acclaimed Nwakanma Hospital founded by Nurse Sunday Nwakanma from present-day Abia State. He left Gbongan and abandoned the Hospital during the Nigeria and Biafra civil war of 1967 to 1970. This Hospital, however, thrived in Gbongan in the late fifties and early sixties, and some of his children attended schools in Gbongan. One of his children, Eric Iheanacho Nwakanma, who had lived with his parents – Sunday Nwakanma and Jemimah Nwakanma, also left with his parent as a result of the civil war and later became the Deputy Governor of Abia State in 2006.

Chief Adenuga, an Ijebu man, arrived in Gbongan in the early forties, engaged in cocoa and general merchandise. He raised some of his adult children in Gbongan, and a street – Adenuga Street is still named after him, on the Titi Gbongan gateway. He was the father of the prominent Wale Adenuga of the Ikebe Production and Taiye Adenuga (SamTad), amongst several others. Wale Adenuga and Professor Adebayo Williams attended St. Luke’s Anglican Primary School, Araromi, Gbongan.

A nonagenarian, Chief Fola Ogunseye, an Awori man who has been resident in Gbongan since the early forties, is a successful business entrepreneur in patent medicine and cocoa business. His neighbors – Sansa and Akinsanya, engaged in cocoa and palm produce business in Ayepe, Awosanya, an Ijebu man, delved into the petroleum (Shell station) and hotel business, Ogunseye was a successful school headmaster from Abeokuta, Chief Fateru from Eruwa, Headmaster/organist – Oni from Ilesha, he owned several fleets of Lorries (Oluseun lorries). There was the prominent Baba Ogbomoso Superstores within the precincts of Omo-Ekun Bar in Oke-Church. He engaged in general merchandise, it was then like our mini Kingsway, just like Abati Stores in Oju Court, Ajanaku Stores & Bar of Oyediran Ajanaku also in Oju Court, and Olufajo Stores in Oke-Church. There were the likes of Adeaga from Ibadan, the then manager of the Rediffusion in Gbongan, which was the one-channel repeater broadcast station, and its popular Redifusion box of the Awolowo days, and the Gaskiya Medicine Store opposite Olufi Memorial Primary school on the Gbongan highway.

I remember Edafinene in his single abode within the Gbongan-Odeomu Anglican Grammer School precinct. Gogobiri, the head of the Hausa Community in Gbongan (residing in Ile keti, the headquarters of the Hausa businesses), alongside Adebajo, an Ijebu man, Adeoti from Okemesi, Chief Fakeye from Ilesha, Aniyikaye from Okemesi, Chief Apochi from Delta State, and many others, made immense contributions to the wealth of the City.

Also, the prominent Titi Gbongan was home to the well-known Olufi market, which was previously located at Isale-Oja and has now been relocated to a more spacious spot within the Highway, close to the former Igbo-Igbale (Home of the Spirit).

A prominent Gbongan citizen, now an Octogenarian and Emeritus Professor of Mathematics in America, Prof. Sunday Adeniran Adeboye, had his secondary education through the Titi Gbongan patronage, luck, and allures. He used to hawk bread, and one day, a White man, later identified as Mr. Dereck John Bullock (the Principal of Government College Ibadan from 1960 to 1968), parked his car beside him to buy fresh mint bakery bread from him. In the course of this short business transaction, Bullock asked the young boy why he was not attending school.

The neatly dressed young boy replied in impeccable English, that he had just finished his primary education at St. Paul’s Primary School in Gbongan with excellent grades and was awaiting admission to a secondary school. Impressed by the boy’s conduct, Principal Bullock invited him to visit him at the Government College Ibadan. Mother luck smiled on him. He visited Bullock, sat for the prerequisite examinations to the college, passed with flying colors, and through Bullock’s patronage, enjoyed a scholarship that lasted through his secondary education at Government College Ibadan.

Adeboye’s father, a then Gbongan High Chief and local politician, was immensely pleased and thankful to God that his son would now attend a secondary school that his political friend and idol, Adegoke Adelabu Penkemeesi attended. The story became a folklore in Gbongan. Chief J.B Williams, Gbongan’s first elected Councillor in 1951 and a close friend of Adeboye and Adegoke Adelabu Penkelemeesi, encouraged this pursuit. J.B Williams was the father of Prof. Adebayo Williams and now the Otun-Asiwaju Olufi of Gbongan land.

Prof. Adebayo Williams, who is this writer’s uncle, mentor, and pathfinder regaled this writer with the story of a policeman known to be a local tyrant and bully in Gbongan in the early sixties. He was brash, abrasive, and aggressive, often impounding vehicles at will, with little or no offense on the Titi Gbongan. On one occassion, in the presence of the young Prof. Adebayo Williams and some of his firends, this bully of a policeman flagged down a vehicle, and as usual, was about conjuring traffic offenses, when the man beside the driver came down from the car, opened the boot of the car and brought out a military sword, introducing himself as Capt. Emmanuel Ifeajuna of the Nigerian Army. The policeman promptly disappeared into thin air. As a young boy, Prof. Adebayo Williams and some of his friends applauded Ifeajuna’s military sagacity. Emmanuel Ifeajuna who later became a Major in the Nigerian Army was one of the five Majors that overthrew the Civilian Government of the First Republic on the 15th of January, 1966.

In 1972, students and town folks lined up the street of Gbongan to wave at General Yakubu Gowon, the then Head of State of Nigeria, and Sir Leopold Sedar Senghor, the then President of Senegal, in an open roof Jeep on their way to Ile-ife to receive honorary Doctorate Awards of the then University of Ife (now Obafemi Awolowo University). We lined up the street, and pleasurably waved at them and their convoy of vehicles. Other recipients of the honorary Award on this day who also passed through titi-Gbongan were; Late. Oba Adetoyese Laoye (Timi of Ede), Late. Sir Usman Nagogo (the then Emir of Katsina), a Late. Prof. Oladele Ajose (the first Vice Chancellor of the University of Ife).

Gbongan is lucky. Its last two Monarchs, Oba Dr. Solomon Oyewole Babayemi (1988 – 1997) was an Associate Professor of History at the University of Ibadan before his ascension to the throne, and the current Monarch, Oba Dr. Adetoyese Oyeniyi, holds a Doctorate degree in Plant Science (Agronomy) from Obafemi Awolowo University, and retired as a senior Civil Servant in Osun State before ascending the throne of his forefathers in 1998.

The list of Gbongan’s eminent and illustrious citizens is in legions, inclusive of those with maternal roots from Gbongan.
I remember with fondest memories some of Gbongan’s early pathfinders. Its first lawyer, Bolarinwa Oyegoke Babalakin who was called to the Bar in 1959, her first Medical Doctor, Joseph Olasupo Toyosi, her first Professor, Rufus Adegboye popularly called the Baale of U.I, and later Baba Ijo of the St. Paul’s Anglican Church Cathedral who became a Professor in 1969 and until his demise, was an Emeritus Professor of Agricultural Economics, and also Pa Gabriel Adegoke Ajayi, a Gbongan early educated elite who died a Centenerian some few months ago. Dr. Arowolo then of the World Bank and Dr. Akinloye Akinretan were Gbongan early educated elites who died in their prime.

However, a good period usually doesn’t last. Gbongan suffered its major casualty when the new Ife-Ibadan express road was declared opened in 1973. No more inflows and outflows of passengers and lorries. Gbongan thenceforth became a bypass, with the Titi-Gbongan now vacant, sober, and withdrawn. Its greatness and eminence, despite this change of status, still remains undoubted. It is now a clarion call that its eminence be further returned, enhanced, and resurrected by the new generation.

Titi-Gbongan, you have played your role in the olden days of yore, gallantly and eminently well.

Gbongan Olufi Arokodeja… A proud descendant of Alaafin Abiodun Adegoriolu. I salute you!

Hon. (Barr.) Femi Kehinde, Legal Practitioner and former Member, House of Representatives, National Assembly, Abuja 1999 – 2003, representing Ayedire/Iwo/Olaoluwa Federal Constituency of Osun State

Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Featured

Ogun State Clemency Impact Report by Hezekiah Deboboye Olujobi

Published

on

By

 

Five case files involving seven individuals were reviewed by CJMR and presented to the Ogun State Board of Mercy, resulting in one full release and one sentence commutation.

OGUN STATE CLEMENCY AS A NATIONAL REFERENCE POINT

In a landmark demonstration of constitutional mercy and restorative justice, the Governor of Ogun State, Prince Dapo Abiodun, CON, granted clemency to 81 inmates across correctional centres in celebration of Democracy Day. This reflects rehabilitation and humane correctional justice, including release from life imprisonment, commutation of death sentences, and reduction of custodial terms. However, beyond this gesture lies a national question: how many convictions across Nigeria still require urgent constitutional review?

MERCY DOES NOT EQUAL FINAL CERTAINTY

Mercy restores liberty; it does not necessarily establish the correctness of a conviction. Clemency may remove a person from the gallows or open the prison gate, but it does not automatically answer whether the original conviction was safe, complete, or supported by fully tested evidence. Common concerns include incomplete records, abandoned appeals, weak identification, disputed confessions, questionable dying declarations, and missing material witnesses.

OGUN STATE: BOARD OF MERCY REVIEW AND FULL CASE FILES

Five case files involving seven individuals were reviewed by CJMR and presented to the Ogun State Board of Mercy, resulting in one full release and one sentence commutation.

  1. Adeyemi Faleye – Robbery
  2. Musiliu Owolabi – Murder
  3. Monsuru Mukaila & Abdullahi Ogundoyin – Robbery
  4. Arinola Akinleye – Murder
  5. Korede Odubela & Olalekan Lawal – Murder

OUTCOME OF THE FIVE CASE FILES

  • Adeyemi Faleye – Granted total freedom.
  • Musiliu Owolabi – Sentence commuted to ten years imprisonment.
  • Monsuru Mukaila and Abdullahi Ogundoyin – Death sentences had earlier been commuted to life imprisonment following CJMR’s 2024 presentation, but their applications did not receive further consideration during the current review.
  • Arinola Akinleye – Presented for review because of concerns surrounding the alleged dying declaration and the non-presentation of material evidence from the son.
  • Korede Odubela and Olalekan Lawal – Application not considered because the conviction was considered too recent.

This demonstrates structured engagement between CJMR case review and the Ogun State Board of Mercy clemency process, reflecting measurable impact on executive mercy decisions.

CASE STUDY ONE: ADEYEMI FALEYE – ROBBERY CONVICTION AND FORENSIC REVIEW

For fifteen years, Adeyemi Faleye, a taxi driver and father of twins, lived under the terrifying shadow of death following his conviction for armed robbery. In 2023, a court registrar who understood the mission of CJMR contacted the Centre concerning his case. That single contact opened the door to a fresh search for truth.

By 2024, CJMR had carefully reviewed the records of proceedings, the judgment, and the available court processes. What emerged was deeply troubling: serious questions surrounded the integrity, credibility, and reliability of the evidence upon which Adeyemi Faleye’s conviction had been founded.

The Beginning of the Ordeal

On 28 February 2011, Adeyemi Faleye left home in search of his daily bread. According to him, while travelling from Aferiku towards Idiroko, his vehicle developed a mechanical fault at Mede. While waiting for his mechanic, he was apprehended by members of the OPC vigilante group on the basis that there was a robbery incidence that happened in the previous night. That arrest marked the beginning of a fifteen-year nightmare. He was subsequently charged with conspiracy and armed robbery and was sentenced to death by hanging on 13 February 2018. Throughout the trial, he maintained his innocence.

CJMR’s Intervention

As part of its prison ministry and wrongful conviction review programme, CJMR visited Adeyemi Faleye in custody. Following his persistent claim of innocence, CJMR undertook an independent forensic review of the judgment, witness testimonies and court records.

Issue One: The Arrest Narrative Collapsed

Adeyemi stated that he was arrested around 8:30 a.m. beside his broken-down vehicle by OPC vigilantes. However, police witnesses presented conflicting accounts, including a claim that he was arrested after a gun battle near the scene of the crime. The OPC vigilantes who allegedly arrested him never testified. If he was arrested beside his vehicle, how could he simultaneously have been arrested at the scene after a gun battle?

Issue Two: Material Contradictions in Prosecution Timeline

The prosecution witnesses presented conflicting timelines: PW1 stated he was robbed at his petrol station at about 8:00 p.m. on 27 February 2011; PW2 stated the robbery occurred at about 10:00 p.m. on 27 February 2011; These two people are petrol stations owners in the same environment. PW3 recorded the report time as 3:10 a.m. on 28 February 2011; PW4 stated the incident occurred at about 1:00 a.m. on 28 February 2011, while the accused maintained that he was arrested at about 8:30 a.m on 28 February, 2011. These are material contradictions. Furthermore, no substantial amount of money was recovered from the accused as proceeds of the alleged robbery, and no petrol station attendant or other independent witness testified to corroborate that a robbery occurred on the night of 27 February 2011.

Issue Three: The Confessional Statement

The conviction rested substantially on an alleged confessional statement. Adeyemi denied making the statement and maintained that it was written by the police. The unavoidable question is: who truly made the statement? Significantly, the investigating police officer admitted during cross-examination that he wrote the statement on behalf of the accused. The statement itself conflicted with the prosecution’s timeline. According to the statement, the robbery occurred around midnight or 1:00 a.m., whereas prosecution witnesses placed the incident between 8:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.

Issue Four: The Question of Reason and Logic

The prosecution’s narrative suggested that armed robbers remained around the vicinity of the crime scene for many hours after the robbery. Is it probable that armed robbers would remain in the same environment for as long as twelve hours waiting to be arrested? No independent witness testified about any gun battle, no petrol attendant testified, and no forensic evidence linked Adeyemi to the alleged crime.

The Turning Point: When the Trial Judge Spoke Beyond the Law

After sentencing Adeyemi Faleye to death, the learned trial judge recommended him for executive pardon. This recommendation was highly significant. It suggested lingering concerns regarding the totality of the evidence and the moral certainty required to justify the irreversible punishment of death. For CJMR, this recommendation became one of the strongest pillars upon which its intervention was anchored. When a judge convicts with the law but pleads for mercy, it may mean that the law has spoken, but justice is still unsettled.

CJMR’s First Intervention in 2024

Following its forensic review, CJMR prepared and presented a comprehensive petition to the Ogun State Board of Mercy in 2024. The petition highlighted contradictory evidence, conflicting accounts of arrest, failure to call material witnesses, and the doubtful confessional statement. Upon review, the authorities commuted Adeyemi’s sentence from death to life imprisonment. While this removed him from the shadow of the gallows, CJMR maintained that the case pointed to a possible wrongful conviction.

CJMR Returns to the Case in 2026

In 2026, CJMR embarked on a wider exercise of gathering complaints of wrongful convictions across the South-West. During this process, thirty-two complaints were received. Out of these, fourteen cases involving nineteen persons were carefully selected for further review and intervention. It was within this broader justice initiative that CJMR revisited the case of Adeyemi Faleye and once again approached the Ogun State Board of Mercy. This time, CJMR argued that mercy alone was insufficient. The Board was urged to consider the totality of the evidence, the contradictions in the prosecution’s case, the doubtful confessional statement, and the recommendation of the trial judge himself. CJMR maintained that where substantial doubt exists, justice demands more than commutation. It demands freedom.

CASE STUDY TWO: MONSURU MUKAILA AND ABDULLAHI OGUNDOYIN – TRUCK DRIVER AND MOTOR BOY CASE

The case of Monsuru Mukaila and Abdullahi Ogundoyin also raises serious questions deserving public attention. They were reportedly a truck driver and motor boy who were chartered by a man to load iron rods from a site to Berger. According to available information, the person who allegedly chartered them later ran away, while the driver and motor boy were apprehended.

Police investigation reportedly revealed that the man who chartered them was later arrested and subsequently released. The iron rods were also returned to the owner, who reportedly showed no further interest in pursuing the matter. It was alleged that a security guard was tied during the incident, which formed part of the basis upon which the matter was treated as armed robbery.

However, further concern arose when an allegedly exorbitant amount was demanded for bail. This reportedly led to an argument between the police and the driver. Following this disagreement, the driver and motor boy were charged to court for armed robbery and were eventually sentenced to death.

Upon reviewing the case, CJMR presented it to the Ogun State Board of Mercy. The outcome was the commutation of their death sentences to life imprisonment.

This case deserves further review because it raises important questions about the original complainant’s interest, the role of the person who allegedly chartered the vehicle, the return of the property, the alleged bail demand, and whether the full facts were properly weighed before the sentence of death was imposed.

CASE STUDY THREE: ARINOLA AKINLEYE – QUESTIONS SURROUNDING THE DYING DECLARATION

The case of Mrs. Arinola Akinleye raises important questions deserving careful review. Mrs. Arinola Akinleye was convicted in connection with the death of her husband following a mysterious fire incident. A significant aspect of the prosecution’s case was an alleged dying declaration said to have been recorded by the police.

However, the circumstances surrounding the alleged dying declaration raise serious concerns. According to her son, who remained with his father until his final breath, no such declaration was made identifying the cause of the fire or implicating his mother. He maintains that his father passed away without making any statement concerning how the fire occurred or who was responsible.

Available information further indicates that immediately after the incident, Mrs. Akinleye sought assistance by inviting a neighbour to help rescue her husband. While accompanying him to the hospital, the neighbour reportedly diverted to a police station and handed Mrs. Akinleye over to the police.

Another matter of concern is that the son, who was present with the deceased during his final moments and could potentially have provided direct evidence regarding whether any dying declaration was made, was not called as a witness during the trial. It must also be noted that counsel to the defendant reportedly raised the issue that the prosecution shielded away the evidence of Arinola’s son because of the possible impact his evidence could have had on the case.

These circumstances raise important questions: Was the alleged dying declaration accurately recorded? Why was the testimony of the deceased’s son, who remained with him until death, not presented before the court? Could his evidence have assisted the court in determining whether any dying declaration was ever made? Was all relevant evidence placed before the trial court?

These questions do not, by themselves, determine innocence or guilt. However, they highlight issues that may warrant careful post-conviction review to ensure that justice is not only done but is also seen to have been done.

Legal Significance

A dying declaration can constitute important evidence in criminal proceedings. Where credible questions arise concerning whether such a declaration was actually made, or where a material witness capable of clarifying the issue is not called to testify, those matters may deserve careful scrutiny during post-conviction review. Such review does not undermine the courts; rather, it strengthens public confidence in the administration of justice by ensuring that convictions rest upon reliable and fully examined evidence.

CASE STUDY FOUR: KOREDE ODUBELA AND OLALEKAN LAWAL – RECENT CONVICTION AND REVIEW CONCERN

Korede Odubela, a 75-year-old man, and his wife were arrested in 2013 on allegations relating to the death of their daughter. They were arraigned alongside seven other persons arrested for unrelated offences. On 14 May 2025, the wife and four other accused persons were discharged and acquitted, while Korede Odubela and Olalekan Lawal were convicted and sentenced to death for murder. Their application for clemency was not considered because the conviction was considered too recent.

This case remains important to the report because it reflects the need for transparency in case review and the need to understand why some accused persons are discharged while others arising from the same broad proceedings are convicted. It also shows why a structured post-conviction review mechanism should not depend only on the passage of time but should also consider the nature of the evidence, the role of each accused person, and whether there are unresolved questions requiring attention.

OYO STATE: ABANDONED AND STALLED JUSTICE

Alao Tunde – Like Musiliu Owolabi in Ogun State, his appeal was struck out in 2024, yet he remains in custody on the allegation of armed robbery, the offence he obviously did not commit. Tunde Adewole – Arrested in 2010 on the allegation of murder he obviously did not commit and on death row since 2015 without meaningful appeal progression. Friday Okoro – Arrested in 2009 along with his case mate on the allegation of armed robbery and convicted in 2014; his co-defendants were released in 2015 while his conviction was reaffirmed in 2024.

OSUN STATE: EXTENDED INCARCERATION WITHOUT RESOLUTION

Victor Akpoyibo has spent about 25 years in custody while his Supreme Court appeal has reportedly remained inactive since 2014. Ibrahim Ayuba’s appeal has reportedly not been heard at the Court of Appeal since 2018. Richard Adesanmi’s appeal failed in 2017 without meaningful progression thereafter.

EKITI STATE: CASES TRAPPED IN UNCERTAINTY

Kayode Seun was sentenced to life imprisonment on the allegation of kidnapping in controversial circumstances with an inconclusive appellate outcome. Ayodele Oladimeji remains a case of concern after being sentenced to life imprisonment on an allegation of rape despite questions surrounding the absence of the victim in court and disputed medical evidence. Abdulrashid Mutairu was arrested at 17 in 2017 and convicted in 2020 along with three others including his mother on an allegation of murder; his mother died in prison during the appeal process in the Supreme Court.

LAGOS STATE: NEED FOR STRUCTURED REVIEW

Lagos State cases involve disputed confessions, weak identification, long-term imprisonment, and abandoned appeals requiring systematic review. Many convicts remain helpless and hopeless without meaningful appeal support.

CJMR NATIONAL COMPILATION (2025)

CJMR compiled 14 wrongful conviction complaints involving about 20 individuals across South-West Nigeria. Only Ogun State has engaged meaningfully with review processes; others remain largely unresponsive.

NATIONAL PATTERN OF CONCERN

Recurring issues include abandoned appeals, missing records, prolonged detention without review, incomplete evidential foundations, disputed confessions, questionable dying declarations, and non-presentation of material witnesses.

CONSTITUTIONAL IMPLICATION

Justice is not only conviction but continuous constitutional reviewability of convictions within a reasonable time. The establishment of independent conviction review panels to examine post-conviction claims would serve as a corrective mechanism and provide a faster avenue for justice.

AFTER FIFTEEN YEARS

After fifteen painful years of incarceration, the Ogun State Government under Governor Dapo Abiodun granted Adeyemi Faleye amnesty. The taxi driver who once stood under the shadow of the gallows walked out of prison a free man. Musiliu Owolabi, whose case was struck out at the Court of Appeal, had his sentence commuted to ten years imprisonment. Their stories remind us that the search for justice does not end with conviction. Truth, persistence and restorative justice can still prevail.

Releasing individuals into society without clarifying the circumstances that led to their imprisonment may permanently attach stigma to persons who may not have committed the offences. If indeed a judicial error occurred, would Adeyemi Faleye ever receive an apology?

But this is not about one freed man. It is about the many still behind bars. It is about the silent prisoners whose case files are gathering dust in High Courts and Courts of Appeal across Nigeria. It is about those whose appeals have died quietly in registry drawers. It is about those who have been forgotten by the system but not by conscience.

THE REAL QUESTION BEFORE THE NATION

If one case file reviewed carefully can lead to the discovery of doubt and eventual freedom, then how many more files across Nigeria contain similar injustice waiting to be uncovered? CJMR respectfully urges Attorneys-General and Boards of Mercy to conduct comprehensive reviews of identified cases in the interest of justice, fairness, and constitutional responsibility.

THE REASON FOR THIS REPORT

When an appeal has been exhausted, even up to the Supreme Court, yet an individual continues to cry persistently on the claim of innocence, should that cry simply be ignored?

This report answers that question in the negative.

The finality of judicial proceedings is essential to the rule of law, but finality should not extinguish the search for truth where credible questions continue to arise. History has shown that wrongful convictions can occur despite the existence of appellate safeguards.

Whenever a prisoner persistently maintains innocence, society has a moral and constitutional responsibility to pause, listen, and carefully examine whether new evidence, overlooked facts, incomplete records, evidential contradictions, or other exceptional circumstances warrant further review.

The purpose of such review is not to undermine the courts or reopen every concluded case indiscriminately. Rather, it is to strengthen public confidence in the administration of justice by ensuring that no potentially innocent person remains imprisoned simply because all ordinary avenues of appeal have been exhausted.

This is the reason for this report.

CONCLUSION

Nigeria must move from isolated clemency to institutionalised conviction review systems. One potentially innocent person in prison is a constitutional responsibility awaiting correction.

CJMR does not seek to weaken the administration of justice. Rather, it seeks to strengthen public confidence in the justice system by ensuring that credible claims of wrongful conviction receive careful, impartial, and timely review.

SCRIPTURAL FOUNDATION

The motive of CJMR is based on the command of Scripture:

  • Proverbs 31:8–9 calls us to speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves and to ensure justice for those being crushed.
  • Psalm 82:3–4 calls for justice for the poor, the orphan, the oppressed and the destitute, and for the helpless to be rescued.
  • Proverbs 24:11–12 warns against ignoring those unjustly sentenced to die and reminds us that God weighs the heart and judge’s human action.

When questions of innocence arise, the law provides the framework for determining the truth, but conscience often provides the reason to begin the search. Whenever a person persistently cries out in innocence, someone should pause, listen, investigate, and allow the evidence to be carefully re-examined. Where error is discovered, the oppressed should be vindicated.

Thanks to those individual, churches and organization supporting this cause, may God bless you abundantly.

I want to sincerely thank our team at the CJMR for your commitment to the vision may the Lord reward you abundantly.

Signed:

Hezekiah Deboboye Olujobi CRJ
Founder, Centre for Justice, Mercy and Reconciliation (CJMR)

Centre for Justice, Mercy and Reconciliation is a grassroots organisation focusing on advocacy on behalf of those on death row and persons detained unjustly in South-West correctional centres, with remarkable achievements.

Contact: www.cjmr.com.ng | 08030488093

Continue Reading

Featured

A Dream at 35, 000 Feet

Published

on

By

By ‘dayo Adedayo

Some dreams are born in the silence of the night. Mine was born somewhere above the clouds.

At exactly 11:03 a.m. on 19 June 2003, aboard a Virgin Atlantic flight from Lagos to London, an idea suddenly came to me. As a Virgin Atlantic Gold Card holder, I had been given one of their black notebooks.

Throughout my travels, I filled it with thoughts, sketches and ideas that I hoped one day would become reality.

That morning, one page changed everything.

The idea was remarkably simple.

I wanted to build a place where every state in Nigeria would have its own room, telling its own story through photographs, objects and experiences. At the heart of it all would be one grand gallery dedicated to Nigeria itself, a celebration of the very best our nation has to offer.

It was only a thought.

A thought written in black ink.

A thought patiently waiting for its appointed time.

The years rolled by, but the dream refused to fade. Instead, it grew stronger.

I travelled relentlessly across Nigeria, documenting our people, cultures, festivals, landscapes, architecture, wildlife and traditions. Every journey added another piece to the puzzle. Every photograph strengthened my conviction that Nigeria deserved to be seen through a different lens.

Then, about eight years ago, I decided it was finally time to give the dream a physical address.

And then came another unforgettable day.

At exactly 11:20 a.m. on 15 October 2022, the first shovel pierced the earth and construction of the DAP Experience Centre, Lagos officially began.

Nineteen years had passed since that life-changing moment aboard the Virgin Atlantic flight.

As the first scoop of earth was lifted, it felt as though every kilometre travelled across Nigeria, every photograph ever taken, every museum visited around the world, every obstacle encountered and every prayer whispered had led to that very moment.

The foundation being dug that morning was more than the beginning of a building.

It was the foundation of a dream that had patiently waited almost two decades for its appointed time.

Through a friend, I approached one of Nigeria’s finest architectural firms, Adeniyi Coker Consultants Limited (ACCL).

I had only one instruction.

The building had to be intentional.

It had to be contemporary.

It had to be timeless.

It had to be impossible to tell where the front ended and the back began because the site sits between the Lekki–Epe Expressway and T. F. Kuboye Road in Oniru, Lekki.

The lead architect, Mr. Yinka Ogundairo, supported by Mr. Tunde Adegbenro and Mr. Olabode Fakorede, produced a design that completely blew my mind.

Before putting pencil to paper, they researched some of the finest museums and galleries across Europe and America. Every lesson learnt from those iconic institutions found its way into the drawings placed before me.

That was when I knew I had to experience them for myself.

My research took me through 46 cities across the world, visiting museums, galleries, visitor attractions and cultural centres to understand what makes people curious enough to walk through a door and inspired enough to leave wanting to return.

I remain deeply grateful to the French Embassy for granting me a multi-year visa after reading the passionate letter I wrote explaining the research journey I intended to undertake. Their belief in my vision became part of this remarkable story.

What stands today as the DAP Experience Centre, Lagos, is therefore not an accident.

It is the product of twenty-three years of dreaming, researching, travelling, documenting and refusing to give up.

The journey, however, was anything but easy.

Obtaining planning approval took almost two years. During construction, advances in digital technology compelled us to redesign sections of the building, sacrificing two planned floors so the Centre could embrace the future rather than become outdated before opening.

By the end of the project, my face had become considerably darker than the rest of my body.

Construction under the Lagos sun has a way of changing one’s complexion! 😂😂😂

Together with UF-A Consultants as Structural Engineers, MFA as Mechanical and Electrical Engineers, and Ladchrislord as Civil Engineers, an extraordinary team transformed an idea into reality.

Yet the building itself tells a story long before anyone steps inside.

It proudly stands on three giant visible pillars, symbolising the three great regions upon which Nigeria stood at Independence in 1960.

The building has six principal sides and a smaller seventh, representing Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones and the Federal Capital Territory.

Scattered across the structure are 154 windows of varying sizes.

Each window represents one of the 154 destinations every Nigerian should experience before returning to their Maker.

At the entrance, visitors will find the complete list, allowing them to tick off where they have been and discover where they should go next.

The building also contains 98 steps, representing 98 fascinating places to visit within Lagos State. These, too, will be listed so visitors can continue exploring Lagos long after leaving the Centre.

Perhaps the most unusual feature is what you will not find.

Very few perfectly straight walls.

Very few perfectly straight windows.

That is deliberate.

Life itself is rarely straight.

Each generation simply contributes its own little part before leaving the rest for those who follow.

Our ambition stretches far beyond bricks and concrete.

We are bringing a touch of Times Square in New York to Nigeria by wrapping sections of the complex, including the security building, energy room, water treatment plant and parts of the ground-floor façade, with giant LED displays celebrating the very best of Nigeria.

The experience begins immediately you walk through our doors.

The ground floor welcomes visitors with a café, to be operated by Cafe One, alongside a merchandise store offering more than 500 carefully curated Nigerian souvenirs.

On the first floor lies our digital experience.

Visitors will experience Nigeria through an immersive 5D theatre unlike anything currently available in Africa.

Then comes one of our signature attractions, the Boat Room.

Without leaving the building, visitors will journey by boat from Marina in Lagos into the Atlantic Ocean, through the creeks of the Niger Delta, onward to Onitsha, up to the majestic Confluence at Lokoja, before returning once again to Lagos.

The same floor also houses a Documentary Theatre and a Photography Library for students, researchers and photography enthusiasts.

The next level celebrates analogue photography.

Here, visitors will trace the evolution of photography from the humble pinhole camera to today’s mobile phone.

Original equipment, historic exhibitions and a fully operational traditional darkroom will allow younger generations to witness how photographs were created before the digital age.

Returning to the ground floor, visitors can transform their own photographs into treasured keepsakes, from framed prints and throw pillows to key holders, rings, fridge magnets and many other personalised souvenirs celebrating Nigeria.

The DAP Experience Centre is for everyone.

For children discovering their country for the first time.

For families seeking unforgettable experiences.

For schools extending learning beyond the classroom.

For tourists searching for authentic Nigeria.

For researchers, historians, photographers and lovers of culture.

And for every Nigerian who has ever wondered just how beautiful this nation truly is.

Within these walls, you will travel across Nigeria without leaving the comfort of one building.

You will meet our people.

Discover our history.

Celebrate our diversity.

Experience our culture.

And, perhaps for the very first time, see Nigeria not through headlines, but through her beauty.

That little idea written into a black notebook at 35,000 feet has finally found its home on the ground.

Welcome to the DAP Experience Centre, Lagos.

Welcome to Nigeria.

Continue Reading

Featured

Court Reserves Ruling in Times Multimedia Suit Against Afreximbank Over CAX IP Dispute

Published

on

By

By Andrew Orolua

The Federal High Court sitting in Lagos has reserved ruling in the intellectual property suit between Times Multimedia Ltd. and the African Export-Import Bank, Afreximbank, and others, following arguments on a preliminary objection challenging the court’s jurisdiction.

The matter came up on Thursday, July 2, 2026, before Honourable Justice Osiagor.

Times Multimedia Ltd., a Nigerian media and events company, is the originator and registered proprietor of “CAX” – the Creative Africa Exchange.

Court documents state that Times Multimedia conceived CAX in 2017/2018 as a continental trade and investment platform designed to finance, market, and monetize Africa’s creative and cultural industries. In 2018, the company formally presented the CAX concept, framework, and business model to Afreximbank for partnership and institutional backing.

Following engagements with Times Multimedia on the CAX proposal, Afreximbank in 2020 launched its own initiative known as the Creative Africa Nexus, CANEX. Times Multimedia alleges that CANEX substantially adopted the core concept, objectives, and structure of CAX without license, attribution, or contractual agreement, leading to the present suit for intellectual property infringement.

Afreximbank and other defendants filed a Notice of Preliminary Objection, contending that the bank enjoys immunity from judicial proceedings in Nigeria under the _Afreximbank Establishment Agreement, 1993_, Section 9 of the _Diplomatic Immunities and Privileges Act_, Cap D1, LFN 2004, and the _African Export-Import Bank (Privileges and Immunities) Order, 2014_.

Afreximbank was established in October 1993 by African governments and investors to promote intra-African trade. Nigeria is a founding signatory. Article 50 of the Establishment Agreement provides that the Bank enjoys immunity from legal process except to the extent that it expressly waives such immunity.

Counsel to Times Multimedia Ltd. opposed the objection. Counsel argued that the immunity claimed by Afreximbank is not absolute, and that the same Establishment Agreement contains provisions contemplating circumstances where the bank may be sued or subjected to judicial proceedings, particularly in respect of commercial transactions.

The claimant’s legal team further urged the court to interpret the relevant instruments holistically and to avoid any construction that would unjustifiably deny an aggrieved Nigerian entity access to court in the absence of a clear and express exclusion of the court’s jurisdiction, as guaranteed under Section 6(6)(b) of the 1999 Constitution.

Counsel for both sides argued extensively for over one hour. At the end of proceedings, Justice Osiagor reserved the matter for ruling and adjourned the case to Monday, 29 September 2026.

The ruling will determine whether the suit can proceed against Afreximbank before the Federal High Court.

Continue Reading

Trending