In Islam, the concept of a good man encompasses several key attributes and responsibilities: A good man is characterized by faith, truthfulness, sacrifice, generosity, courage, and loyalty, guided by divine principles.

He is expected to engage in self-purification through prayer, charity, and the remembrance of Allah. A good man is responsible for establishing regular prayers, giving zakat, and obeying the Prophet, and ensuring his family’s spiritual well-being.

He should be just, kind, compassionate, and responsible, fulfilling the needs of others before himself. A good man continuously strives to improve his character and intellect, seeking knowledge and avoiding sinful behavior.

These attributes and responsibilities reflect the holistic nature of manhood in Islam, emphasizing both personal and communal responsibilities.

However, the concept of a good man varies across different religions and philosophies. The concept of a good man in various philosophical and religious traditions embodies a range of moral and ethical qualities. In Jainism, he is depicted as a virtuous individual adhering to ethical standards, while Vaishnavism emphasizes altruism, selflessness, and moral integrity. Similar themes emerge across texts like the Arthashastra and Purana, where a good man is characterized by righteousness, kindness, and positive influences on others. This multifaceted notion highlights the importance of virtuous behavior, hospitality, and steadfastness in moral character across cultures and philosophies.

The Quran emphasizes the importance of self-purification, devotion, and unwavering faith. It praises those who prioritize remembrance of Allah and uphold prayer and charity.

Key attributes of a good man in Islam include faith, truthfulness, sacrifice, generosity, courage, and loyalty. These qualities contribute to a man’s character and signal the essence of being a righteous human being, as taught by Allah and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW).

According to Islamic conception man has a wonderful story. The man of Islam is not merely a ‘biped homo erectus’. From the viewpoint of the Holy Qur’an, this being is too profound and too mysterious to be defined in such a simple way. The Holy Qur’an has at one and the same time lauded and disparaged him. It has praised him very highly, but it has also slighted him in the most disparaging terms. It has described him as superior to the heavens, the earth and the angels, but at the same time has also declared that he is inferior even to the Devil and the beasts. The Holy Qur’an is of the opinion that man is a being who has enough power to control the entire world and put the angels to his own service, but he often falls to the lowest ebb. It is a man who makes decisions about himself and determines his final destiny. Let us interrogate the merits of man as mentioned in the Holy Qur’an.

Man is the vicegerent of Allah on earth: The day Allah wanted to create man, He intimated the angels of His intention. “They said: ‘Will You put on the earth one who will make there mischief and will shed blood? He said: ‘I know what you do not know.” (Quran 2:30).

“It is He who has appointed You vicegerent on the earth and exalted some of you in rank above others, so that He may test you by means of what he has given you.” (Quran 6:165).

Of the entire creation man has the highest capacity to acquire knowledge: “He taught Adam all the names (all the realities of things). Then He presented those things to the angels and said- ‘Tell Me the names of those if what you say is true’. They said: ‘Glory be to You! We have no knowledge except that which You have given us. (We can learn nothing, except that which You have taught us direct). Then Allah said to Adam: ‘Tell them their names’ ‘ and when he had told them their names, He said: ‘Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of the heavens and the earth? (I know what you do not know at all). And I know what you disclose and what you hide’.” (Quran 2:31 – 33).

Man’s nature is such that he intuitively knows that there is one Allah. Any disbelief or doubt is an abnormality and a deviation from real human nature: “When the children of Adam were still in the loins of their fathers, Allah creatively made them testify His existence.” (Quran 7:172).

Man is a mixture of what is natural and what is extra-natural, of what is material and what is not material, of body and soul: “Who made all things good. And He began the creation of man from clay. Then He made his seed from a draught of despised fluid. Then He fashioned him and breathed into him of His spirit.” (Quran 32:7 – 9).

The creation of man is well-calculated and not accidental. Man is a chosen being: Man has an independent and free personality. He is a trustee appointed by Allah and has a mission and a responsibility. He is required to rehabilitate the earth with his effort and initiative, and to choose between prosperity and misery:

“We offered the trust to the heavens, the earth and the hills, but they shrank from bearing it and were afraid of it. On the other hand, man assumed it. Surely he has proved a tyrant and a fool.” (Quran 33:72).

Man enjoys dignity and nobility. Allah has made him superior to many of His creations. Man feels his real self only when he realizes his dignity and nobility and regards himself above every kind of meanness, bondage and lewdness:

“Surely We have honoured the children of Adam. We have put the land and the sea under their control, given them sustenance and have exalted them above many of those whom We have created” (Quran 17:70).

Man has been endowed with a sense of moral insight. He knows what is good and what is evil by means of a natural inspiration: “By the soul of man and Him who perfected it and inspired it with the knowledge of vice and virtue.” (Quran 91:7-8).

Man does not feel satisfied with anything except the remembrance of Allah. His desires have no end. He soon gets fed up with anything that he gets or achieves. It is only his attachment to Allah that can satisfy him: “Surely in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest!” (Quran 13:28).

All the good things of the earth have been created for man. “He, it is Who created for you all that is in the earth.” (Quran 2:29). Hence, man has a right to make lawful use of all things.

Man has been created to worship his Lord alone and to take orders from Him. Hence it is his duty to obey the commands of Allah: “I created the jinn and mankind only so that they might worship Me.” (Quran 51:56)

Man cannot find himself except by worshipping and remembering his Lord. If he forgets his Lord, he forgets himself, and does not know who he is, what he is, what he should do and where he should go: “Do not be like those who forgot Allah, and therefore He caused them to forget themselves.” (Quran 59:19).

“Allah has promised the believers, both men and women, gardens underneath which rivers flow and in which they shall abide. (He has promised them) nice dwellings in the Gardens of Eden. What is more, Allah shall be pleased with them. That is the supreme triumph.” (Quran 9:72).

Hence, from the viewpoint of the Holy Qur’an man is a being chosen by Allah to be His vicegerent on the earth. He is a semi-angelic and semi-material being. He is instinctively conscious of Allah. He is free, independent, holding a Divine trust, responsible for himself and the world. He controls nature, the earth and the heavens. He is inspired by good and evil. His existence begins with weakness and proceeds towards strength and perfection. All these are virtues of the subject of this sermon.

It is therefore in this light that we celebrate our revered Egbon, Bearer Segun Oki who will be 80 on Sunday 18^th May 2025. A paragon of virtues and goodness; nothing can satisfy him except the remembrance of Allah. His intellectual and practical capacity is unlimited. He is endowed with inherent dignity and honor. Often his motives have no material aspect. He has been given the right to make lawful use of the gifts of nature. But in all cases he is responsible to his Lord.

Brother Segun, as I have always called him in over 50 years when I knew him, visited us in London in the home of the late Dotun Animashaun (Anibongolo); here we are wishing him a very happy birthday and the unlimited blessing of Allah. Incidentally, his wife too is a big sister dating back eon years.

May Allah reward Bearer Segun Hakeem Oki’s unwavering generosity to the cause of the Crescent Bearers. He is indeed a very good man.

Barka Juma’at and a happy weekend

“The richest people in Africa could easily be former and current presidents and rulers of African countries. But don’t expect to find them on our FORBES rich list. And that is very true because “Forbes has long separated rulers and dictators from our annual rankings of the World’s Billionaires, distinguishing between personal, entrepreneurial wealth and wealth derived largely from positions of power, where lines often blur between what is owned by the country and what is owned by the individual.” Forbes Magazine.

This statement by Forbes is very true because the lines blur between their supposedly riches and ‘our money’.

Our parents and grandparents of old were people of integrity and held accountability in all walks of life very seriously. Any infraction of this principle was seriously dealt with. It starts with the abhorrence of lying and petty pilfering such as stealing meat from the pot of soup. These are infractions which if not curbed will metastasize into full blown corruption, which simply translates into stealing.

This is the bane of our society today. The absence of accountability knows no gender, tribe, or tongue; neither does it respect color or nationality.

The saddest part of the matter is the attitude of society to this malaise. We have promoted thievery into an art form, and a thriving national industry.

The slow pace of our judicial system has not helped matters and it often gives the impression of acceptability. This is one of the causes of impunity on the part of the corrupt.

There is no doubt most Nigerians are honest, hardworking people that just want the government to provide basic services. These people deserve strong institutions that can protect them from corruption.

Unfortunately, these institutions are weakened and compromised by the corrupt operators.

$2.9 billion was allocated for refinery rehabilitation, aiming to reduce reliance on imported petroleum products and boost local refining capacity. The investment, comprising $1.5 billion for the Port Harcourt refinery, $740 million for the Kaduna refinery, and $656 million for the Warri refinery, was allegedly mismanaged. The refineries are still ‘peme’.

This is what has become our lot in this country. Monies which could have been utilized for uplifting the welfare of our people is being channeled into the private pockets of officials: All because the principle of accountability has been jettisoned.

But there is bound to be a Day of Reckoning. And on that day, there will be no escape.

“And be conscious of the Day on which you shall be brought back unto God, whereupon every human being shall be repaid in full for what he has earned, and none shall be wronged.” (Quran 2:281)

Immanuel Kant  the German Philosopher once said:“The drama of this life is not complete; There must be a second scene to it . . . Therefore, there must be another world, where justice will be carried out”

In the good books, there are numerous references to this day, variously referred to as Yawm al-Qiyamah, the Day of Reckoning and Day of Resurrection.

“Theoretically, Sani Abacha, Nigeria’s former military ruler, was a billionaire – and not in naira, but in dollars. Upon his death in 1998, the Nigerian government uncovered over $3 billion linked to him, held in personal and proxy bank accounts in tax havens as diverse as Switzerland, Luxembourg, Jersey, and Liechtenstein.” Forbes. Where is he today?

“Another theoretical billionaire was Mobutu Sese Seko, the former president of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Over his 30-year reign he amassed a personal fortune estimated by various sources (including Transparency International) at somewhere between $1 billion and $5 billion.” Forbes. But where are those villas today?

“One of the wealthiest, albeit lesser talked about African leaders to emerge from Africa is Nigeria’s former military president, Ibrahim Babangida. The general is unofficially one of the richest men in Nigeria and in Africa.” Forbes.  But what will become of his 50-bedroom Mountaintop castle with the fullness of time?

“In Kenya, there was former president Daniel Arap Moi, unofficially one of the richest men in the country. Moi famously channeled nearly a billion dollars from his country’s coffers to family-owned bank accounts and private estates across the world using a web of shell companies, secret trusts and front men, according to Kroll Associates, a corporate investigation and risk consultancy company.” Forbes. But where is Moi today? In the belly of the earth!!!

Wither all these ‘vile’ men? They are in the ‘Hall of Infamy’, populating the dustbin of history: “The evil that men do, definitely, lives after them.” William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar.

Surely, there will be a reckoning; it is as certain as daylight. “. . . Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ”. (Quran 2:113)

The Day of Reckoning is coming. A day at the end of time following Armageddon when we will all have to account. On that day, according to Luke 13:28: “There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. . .”

My friend Akin Aloba believes: “the day of reckoning is here on earth, but my experience of life shows it may not be for everyone. Some do get away with it here on earth. As to getting this judgement somewhere else am not too sure. Yes, that may be the position of the scriptures and a very difficult position to verify.”

It is understandable for some to hold this position, but judging from the philosophy of justice, the concept of retribution, judgment and reckoning is as old as the dawn of man’s realization of his position in the scheme of things. Our concept of moral values is intricately dependent on this core concept of justice and judgment.

Without the concept of reckoning, the powerful will ride roughshod over the weak and the world will have no regard for the concept of right and wrong or what is acceptable conduct and behavior. Society will be devoid of rules of human engagement and there will be no respite for the weak and powerless.

It would be a situation of ‘dog eat dog’, of anything goes and ‘no one can question me’. The whole essence of morality would become nonexistent, and the world will be in a Hobbesian state of nature, where life would be “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”

Oskar Ernst Bernhardt said: “You who are yearning for understanding, do not let yourselves be deceived. Each one of you in his thoughts and works has heaped up a heavy burden of wrongdoing for which each one of you must individually atone, for no part of it can be laid on the shoulders of another. Such is the law, otherwise Divine justice would be but an empty word, and without Divine justice all would crumble to ruins.” 

The realm of Day of Reckoning and Resurrection is more of a spiritual proposition than physical. It is this that explains why some of the wicked seem to be getting away with their iniquities while on earth.

It is often said that the hypocrites could be rich and wealthy, have many children and live a good life; but their end is never good. That end is usually in the Hereafter.

In the non-Abrahamic religions, they talk of ‘karma’. Our conducts are to a large extent regulated, modified, and subject to the possibility of the truth in that future state referred to as the day of reckoning. Our whole belief system has as its bedrock the possibility of that day when we will be held to account for our actions and inactions while on this part of the divide. This is the more reason why people want to be on the right side of morality.

“There is no partition between this life and life in the next world. All is an immense entirety. Like an extraordinarily ingenious, never-failing mechanism, the whole mighty Creation, visible and invisible to us, interacts on itself. Uniform laws bear the whole, permeating it and connecting it like strands of nerves, in constant action and reaction.” Abdrushin: 5 Responsibility.

Even the laws of physics recognize this simple principle of action and reaction which according to Newton’s 3^rd law: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. It is inescapable. If you sow good, you will reap good, if you sow evil, you will surely reap evil. Those who sow the wind must for sure reap the whirlwind.

There will be no escape from the judgement. “God’s justice remains austere and severe in His eternal laws. What a man sows, that will he reap: Divine justice does not allow that one farthing be remitted”.

In some cases, those who are seemingly wealthy from perpetrating evil could look as if they have escaped, but their names in the end are obliterated from the annals of history. Both they and their offspring are never remembered, as if they never existed. Why labor, for all the fruits of our work to be destroyed at the close of day. This recalls the story of the People of the Garden in the Quran:  Indeed, we have tested them just as We tested the People of the Garden when they vowed they would gather its fruit at dawn. (Quran 68:17)

“The separation of spirit from matter, the perfectly natural consequence of the working of the law, is the so-called Day of Judgment — a day that will bring great disturbances, convulsions, and upheavals. Everyone will easily understand that this disintegration cannot take place in one earth-day, for it is written: “One day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.” 2 Peter 3:8

Those who have ears, let them listen now!

Barka Juma’at and a happy weekend

The yawning gap between the have and the have-nots keep getting wider by the day and it is getting worrisome. Is there hope for the poor, the wretched of the earth, the hewers of wood and drawers of water? What hope for their children and children’s children when the hope of the present generation is bleak and betrayed? Worrisome statistics are being churned out by local and international organizations on the unbridgeable gap and deplorable conditions of the poor in Africa.

 Are our leaders showing enough concern? The combined wealth of Africa’s seven wealthiest individuals surpasses the total wealth of the poorest half of the continent’s population, which is approximately 700 million people. In Nigeria, Aliko Dangote, Africa’s wealthiest person, has a net worth exceeding that of the bottom half of the Nigerian population (109 million people). South Africa is considered one of the most unequal countries in the world, with the four wealthiest individuals holding the same wealth as the bottom 60% of the population; this is scandalous!

In Nigeria, 2024 highest dividend recipients: Aliko Dangote alone received a dividend of N439 Bn from his 85.97% holding in Dangote Cement; Abdul Samad Rabiu took home N285 Bn being dividend from his 98% holding in BUA Cement and 92.6% in BUA Foods. There are other staggering dividends collected by Jim Ovia N23Bn from Zenith Bank and Otedola’s N17Bn from his 78% holding in Geregu Power Plc.

The continent has rapidly become the epicentre of global extreme poverty; while massive reduction in the number of those living on less than $1.90 a day have been achieved in Asia, the number was rising in Africa.

The IMF/World Bank at the end of the recent Spring Meetings in Washington DC warned that poverty is bound to get worse in Nigeria by 2027 – 57% of the population would live below the poverty line.

Africa is failing to march side by side with other nations in world development. Rather, the tripartite evils of poverty, war and insecurity have combined to create the evil chemistry which is the mix termed the Poverty Triangle.

It is no more the question of how Europe underdeveloped Africa but how the African leadership are entangled in the quagmire of indecent degeneration, impoverishment and immiseration of its people.

Despite being rich in natural resources, Africa continues to grapple with severe poverty and economic disparities, primarily due to corruption and inadequate governance.

Every country has had its ups and downs. Europe bounced back from World Wars I and II, the U.S.A bounced back from civil war and racial conflicts, Asia and Latin America bounced back from the colonial situation, dictatorships and political turmoil, why will Africa not bounce back from the effects of slave trade and colonialism? But other countries have moved on.

At present, it is obvious that Africa is the least developed inhabited continent of the world. The region suffers from all sorts of problems, 90% of which are man-made.

The most prominent problem of Africa is leadership failure. Most past and present African leaders have failed the region woefully and their brutal sit-tight phenomena have made it very difficult or impossible for them to be replaced. More than 85% of African elections are not free, fair and nor credible. They are exercises in choiceless choice.

Hardly, could you find an African country that is completely devoid of religious and ethnic crisis. More than 60 years on the average, that African nations have gained independence from their colonial masters, rather than fashion solutions to their ethnic and tribal differences, unscrupulous leaders continue to weaponise the ethnic differences to split the various nationalities into aiding and abetting the various conflicts on the continent.

Every year thousands of lives and properties are being lost in Africa in the name of religious and ethnic differences. Just 31 years ago in Rwanda, more than 800,000 people were estimated to have been killed just because they belong to a particular ethnic group.

“Nigeria is Africa’s biggest economy, yet the fruits of its economic growth are not shared equally. Poverty and destitution are stubbornly high: around one in three children are not attending school, approximately 10.2 million at primary school and 8.1 million at junior secondary school.

A quarter of citizens lack access to safe drinking water, and half are living below the $1.90 poverty line. It is estimated that $24 billion would be needed to end poverty in the country, which is less than the combined wealth of the richest four Nigerians; $37.3bn” –  Forbes. Hmmmmmm!

To compound our tribulations, wages are extremely low and are never paid when due as a result of what a friend called ‘economic adversity’. Is there hope? There is no wonder the churches and mosques are filled to the brim with the poor supplicating to God for help from the Pharaohs who rule over them.

I see poverty not as a concept but as a condition; a state of being; a condition of human wretchedness, despondency, deprivation and want. A state of lacking in the basic necessities of life such as food, clean water, shelter ( even of a crude type), basic health care, basic education and a state of abject impoverishment. Poverty is not only a disease but a state of spiritual rejection. As a condition of deprivation, poverty is a state of economic marginalization and denial of fundamental human rights of fulfillment of basic needs and freedom.

Poverty is a political and economic crime that sentences the individual into a social and spiritual prison, making that person cursed as in Joshua 9:23: “Now therefore you are cursed, and some of you shall never be anything but servants, hewers of wood and drawers of water. . “.

People in a state of poverty are politically voiceless; they are emasculated financially and have no business in the political domain; they are constantly preoccupied with eeking a living from the dustbin of society. And they are at the mercy of ‘rulers’ who are supposed to protect their interest and ameliorate their living conditions. It’s as if they were born to suffer.

According to Wikipedia, between 1.2 to 2.4 million Africans died during the Atlantic Slave Trade over a period of about 360 years. The number of those who died as a result of ethnic and religious crises in Africa between 1980-2025 has since exceeded that figure. The people who died in the 34 months old Nigerian civil war alone are close to the entire number of Africans who died in the 360 years of Atlantic Slave Trade.

Meanwhile the rich get richer even as poverty and inequality deepen. “From Nigeria to Mozambique you can see poverty rising at the same time as rapid growth. What does this mean? The growth is being gobbled up by the super rich and transnational capital. And that means ordinary people, by comparison, find their lives even more impoverished.

Given Nigeria’s enormous resources, it is puzzling that such a huge portion of the populace live in poverty and squalor. This vast incidence of poverty in the midst of plenty has severally been linked to the endemic corruption in the country, as it involves the massive stealing of resources that would have otherwise been invested in providing wealth-creating infrastructure for the citizens.

The mineral-rich east of the Democratic Republic of Congo has been dogged by conflict for more than 30 years, since the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Numerous armed groups have competed with the central authorities for power and control of the potential fortune in this vast nation. (DRC) is facing one of the world’s largest displacement and humanitarian crises. 

Two years ago a conflict erupted in Sudan that few anticipated would escalate so rapidly or persist for so long. What began as a violent power struggle has become one of the worst and most neglected humanitarian crises of our time.

The country has been plunged into a state of devastation marked by mass displacement, hunger, violence and disease. The numbers are staggering. More than 30 million people need humanitarian aid. At least 15 million people are currently displaced. Some 11.3 million are displaced inside Sudan and 3.9 million people have fled to neighboring countries, making this the world’s largest displacement crisis. More than 20 million people urgently need access to healthcare.

Modern day conflicts in Africa came to be after the colonization of the continent. No matter how one tries to see modern day conflicts in Africa, one cannot separate such conflicts from external influences. This is however not to say that Africans themselves do not have any iota of blame in the conflicts ravaging the continent. None can conquer a people effortlessly without an effective collaboration from within. This seems to be the situation of Africa.

Prayer: Rabbana atina fid-dunya hasanatan wa fil ‘akhirati hasanatan waqina ‘adhaban-nar : Our Lord! Grant us good in this world and good in the hereafter, and save us from the chastisement of the fire. [2:201]

Barka Jumuah and a happy weekend